我正在寻找一种方法来从 python 和 javascript 生成相同的伪随机整数序列。
当我像这样在 python 中播种时，我得到以下结果:
random.seed(3909461935)
random.randint(0, 2147483647) = 162048056
random.randint(0, 2147483647) = 489743869
random.randint(0, 2147483647) = 1561110296
我需要在 JavaScript 中使用相同的序列。
- 注意:我使用 2147483647 作为 randint 方法中的范围，因为我假设 javascript 只能处理 32 位 INT。
双方是否有任何库可以用来在给定相同种子的情况下生成相同的伪随机数集？
最佳答案
我发现了 Mersenne Twister 的两个实现，它们在给定相同种子的情况下生成相同的 32 位整数值。
这样您就可以在 Python 中生成服务器端序列，并让浏览器在 javascript 中独立生成相同的序列。
Python:
from mt_random import *
r = mersenne_rng(seed = 12345)
r.get_random_number() # Prints 3992670690
r.get_random_number() # Prints 3823185381
r.get_random_number() # Prints 1358822685
Javascript:
r = new MersenneTwister();
r.init_genrand(12345);
r = mersenne_rng(seed = 12345)
r.genrand_int32(); # Prints 3992670690
r.genrand_int32(); # Prints 3823185381
r.genrand_int32(); # Prints 1358822685
JS 是 here :
/*
* 疑似乱数生成機 移植
*
* Mersenne Twister with improved initialization (2002)
* http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/mt.html
* http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/MT2002/mt19937ar.html
*/
// = 移植元ラインセンス =======================================================
// ======================================================================
/*
A C-program for MT19937, with initialization improved 2002/2/10.
Coded by Takuji Nishimura and Makoto Matsumoto.
This is a faster version by taking Shawn Cokus's optimization,
Matthe Bellew's simplification, Isaku Wada's real version.
Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand(seed)
or init_by_array(init_key, key_length).
Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or another materials provided with the distribution.
3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
products derived from this software without specific prior written
permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
Any feedback is very welcome.
http://www.math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~m-mat/MT/emt.html
email: m-mat @ math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp (remove space)
*/
// ======================================================================
function MersenneTwister() {
// 整数を扱うクラス
function Int32(value) {
var bits = new Array(0, 0, 0, 0);
var i;
var v = value;
if (v != 0) {
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
bits[i] = v & 0xff;
v = v >> 8;
}
}
this.getValue = function () {
return (bits[0] | (bits[1] << 8) | (bits[2] << 16)) + ((bits[3] << 16) * 0x100);
};
this.getBits = function (i) { return bits[i & 3]; };
this.setBits = function (i, val) { return (bits[i & 3] = val & 0xff); };
this.add = function (another) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var i, fl = 0, b;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
b = bits[i] + another.getBits(i) + fl;
tmp.setBits(i, b);
fl = b >> 8;
}
return tmp;
};
this.sub = function (another) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var bb = new Array(0, 0, 0, 0);
var i;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
bb[i] = bits[i] - another.getBits(i);
if ((i > 0) && (bb[i - 1] < 0)) {
--bb[i];
}
}
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
tmp.setBits(i, bb[i]);
}
return tmp;
};
this.mul = function (another) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var bb = new Array(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
var i, j;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
for (j = 0; i + j < 4; ++j) {
bb[i + j] += bits[i] * another.getBits(j);
}
tmp.setBits(i, bb[i]);
bb[i + 1] += bb[i] >> 8;
}
return tmp;
};
this.and = function (another) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var i;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
tmp.setBits(i, bits[i] & another.getBits(i));
}
return tmp;
};
this.or = function (another) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var i;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
tmp.setBits(i, bits[i] | another.getBits(i));
}
return tmp;
};
this.xor = function (another) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var i;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
tmp.setBits(i, bits[i] ^ another.getBits(i));
}
return tmp;
};
this.rshifta = function (s) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var bb = new Array(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
var p = s >> 3;
var i, sg = 0;
if ((bits[3] & 0x80) > 0) {
bb[4] = sg = 0xff;
}
for (i = 0; i + p < 4; ++i) {
bb[i] = bits[i + p];
}
for (; i < 4; ++i) {
bb[i] = sg;
}
p = s & 0x7;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
tmp.setBits(i, ((bb[i] | (bb[i + 1] << 8)) >> p) & 0xff);
}
return tmp;
};
this.rshiftl = function (s) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var bb = new Array(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
var p = s >> 3;
var i;
for (i = 0; i + p < 4; ++i) {
bb[i] = bits[i + p];
}
p = s & 0x7;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
tmp.setBits(i, ((bb[i] | (bb[i + 1] << 8)) >> p) & 0xff);
}
return tmp;
};
this.lshift = function (s) {
var tmp = new Int32(0);
var bb = new Array(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
var p = s >> 3;
var i;
for (i = 0; i + p < 4; ++i) {
bb[i + p + 1] = bits[i];
}
p = s & 0x7;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
tmp.setBits(i, (((bb[i] | (bb[i + 1] << 8)) << p) >> 8) & 0xff);
}
return tmp;
};
this.equals = function (another) {
var i;
for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
if (bits[i] != another.getBits(i)) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
};
this.compare = function (another) {
var i;
for (i = 3; i >= 0; --i) {
if (bits[i] > another.getBits(i)) {
return 1;
} else if (bits[i] < another.getBits(i)) {
return -1;
}
}
return 0;
};
}
// End of Int32
/* Period parameters */
var N = 624;
var M = 397;
var MATRIX_A = new Int32(0x9908b0df); /* constant vector a */
var UMASK = new Int32(0x80000000); /* most significant w-r bits */
var LMASK = new Int32(0x7fffffff); /* least significant r bits */
var INT32_ZERO = new Int32(0);
var INT32_ONE = new Int32(1);
var MIXBITS = function (u, v) {
return (u.and(UMASK)).or(v.and(LMASK));
};
var TWIST = function (u, v) {
return ((MIXBITS(u, v).rshiftl(1)).xor((v.and(INT32_ONE)).equals(INT32_ZERO) ? INT32_ZERO : MATRIX_A));
};
var state = new Array(); /* the array for the state vector */
var left = 1;
var initf = 0;
var next = 0;
var i;
for (i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
state[i] = INT32_ZERO;
}
/* initializes state[N] with a seed */
var _init_genrand = function (s) {
var lt1812433253 = new Int32(1812433253);
var j;
state[0]= new Int32(s);
for (j = 1; j < N; ++j) {
state[j] = ((lt1812433253.mul(state[j - 1].xor(state[j - 1].rshiftl(30)))).add(new Int32(j)));
/* See Knuth TAOCP Vol2. 3rd Ed. P.106 for multiplier. */
/* In the previous versions, MSBs of the seed affect */
/* only MSBs of the array state[]. */
/* 2002/01/09 modified by Makoto Matsumoto */
//state[j] &= 0xffffffff; /* for >32 bit machines */
}
left = 1; initf = 1;
};
this.init_genrand = _init_genrand;
/* initialize by an array with array-length */
/* init_key is the array for initializing keys */
/* key_length is its length */
/* slight change for C++, 2004/2/26 */
this.init_by_array = function (init_key, key_length) {
var lt1664525 = new Int32(1664525);
var lt1566083941 = new Int32(1566083941);
var i, j, k;
_init_genrand(19650218);
i = 1; j = 0;
k = (N > key_length ? N : key_length);
for (; k; --k) {
state[i] = ((state[i].xor((state[i - 1].xor(state[i - 1].rshiftl(30))).mul(lt1664525))).add(
new Int32(init_key[j]))).add(new Int32(j)); /* non linear */
//state[i] &= 0xffffffff; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
i++; j++;
if (i >= N) {
state[0] = state[N - 1];
i = 1;
}
if (j >= key_length) {
j = 0;
}
}
for (k = N - 1; k; --k) {
state[i] = (state[i].xor((state[i-1].xor(state[i - 1].rshiftl(30))).mul(lt1566083941))).sub(
new Int32(i)); /* non linear */
//state[i] &= 0xffffffff; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
i++;
if (i >= N) {
state[0] = state[N - 1];
i = 1;
}
}
state[0] = new Int32(0x80000000); /* MSB is 1; assuring non-zero initial array */
left = 1; initf = 1;
};
var next_state = function () {
var p = 0;
var j;
/* if init_genrand() has not been called, */
/* a default initial seed is used */
if (initf == 0) {
_init_genrand(5489);
}
left = N;
next = 0;
for (j = N - M + 1; --j; ++p) {
state[p] = state[p + M].xor(TWIST(state[p], state[p + 1]));
}
for (j = M; --j; ++p) {
state[p] = state[p + M - N].xor(TWIST(state[p], state[p + 1]));
}
state[p] = state[p + M - N].xor(TWIST(state[p], state[0]));
};
var lt0x9d2c5680 = new Int32(0x9d2c5680);
var lt0xefc60000 = new Int32(0xefc60000);
/* generates a random number on [0,0xffffffff]-interval */
var _genrand_int32 = function () {
var y;
if (--left == 0) {
next_state();
}
y = state[next];
++next;
/* Tempering */
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(11));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(7)).and(lt0x9d2c5680));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(15)).and(lt0xefc60000));
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(18));
return y.getValue();
};
this.genrand_int32 = _genrand_int32;
/* generates a random number on [0,0x7fffffff]-interval */
this.genrand_int31 = function () {
var y;
if (--left == 0) {
next_state();
}
y = state[next];
++next;
/* Tempering */
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(11));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(7)).and(lt0x9d2c5680));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(15)).and(lt0xefc60000));
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(18));
return (y.rshiftl(1)).getValue();
};
/* generates a random number on [0,1]-real-interval */
this.genrand_real1 = function () {
var y;
if (--left == 0) {
next_state();
}
y = state[next];
++next;
/* Tempering */
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(11));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(7)).and(lt0x9d2c5680));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(15)).and(lt0xefc60000));
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(18));
return y.getValue() * (1.0/4294967295.0);
/* divided by 2^32-1 */
};
/* generates a random number on [0,1)-real-interval */
this.genrand_real2 = function () {
var y;
if (--left == 0) {
next_state();
}
y = state[next];
++next;
/* Tempering */
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(11));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(7)).and(lt0x9d2c5680));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(15)).and(lt0xefc60000));
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(18));
return y.getValue() * (1.0 / 4294967296.0);
/* divided by 2^32 */
};
/* generates a random number on (0,1)-real-interval */
this.genrand_real3 = function () {
var y;
if (--left == 0) {
next_state();
}
y = state[next];
++next;
/* Tempering */
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(11));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(7)).and(lt0x9d2c5680));
y = y.xor((y.lshift(15)).and(lt0xefc60000));
y = y.xor(y.rshiftl(18));
return (y.getValue() + 0.5) * (1.0 / 4294967296.0);
/* divided by 2^32 */
};
/* generates a random number on [0,1) with 53-bit resolution*/
this.genrand_res53 = function () {
var a = ((new Int32(_genrand_int32())).rshiftl(5)).getValue();
var b = ((new Int32(_genrand_int32())).rshiftl(6)).getValue();
return (a * 67108864.0 + b) * (1.0 / 9007199254740992.0);
};
/* These real versions are due to Isaku Wada, 2002/01/09 added */
}对应的Python实现是here :
class mersenne_rng(object):
def __init__(self, seed = 5489):
self.state = [0]*624
self.f = 1812433253
self.m = 397
self.u = 11
self.s = 7
self.b = 0x9D2C5680
self.t = 15
self.c = 0xEFC60000
self.l = 18
self.index = 624
self.lower_mask = (1<<31)-1
self.upper_mask = 1<<31
# update state
self.state[0] = seed
for i in range(1,624):
self.state[i] = self.int_32(self.f*(self.state[i-1]^(self.state[i-1]>>30)) + i)
def twist(self):
for i in range(624):
temp = self.int_32((self.state[i]&self.upper_mask)+(self.state[(i+1)%624]&self.lower_mask))
temp_shift = temp>>1
if temp%2 != 0:
temp_shift = temp_shift^0x9908b0df
self.state[i] = self.state[(i+self.m)%624]^temp_shift
self.index = 0
def get_random_number(self):
if self.index >= 624:
self.twist()
y = self.state[self.index]
y = y^(y>>self.u)
y = y^((y<<self.s)&self.b)
y = y^((y<<self.t)&self.c)
y = y^(y>>self.l)
self.index+=1
return self.int_32(y)
def int_32(self, number):
return int(0xFFFFFFFF & number)
if __name__ == "__main__":
rng = mersenne_rng(1131464071)
for i in range(10):
print rng.get_random_number()关于javascript - Python 和 Javascript 伪随机数生成器 PRNG，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48935719/