使用 MongoDB java 驱动程序,在 Document 上应用 toJson() 方法将获得此文档的 JSON 表示形式,并将 JsonMode 设置为 STRICT。 以下纪元格式用于日期:{ "$date": "dateAsMilliseconds"}
使用 mongoexport,我们得到一个 ISO-8601 格式。
在官方文档 ( https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/mongodb-extended-json/ ) 中看到:
在严格模式下,日期是一种 ISO-8601 日期格式,在模板 YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss.mmm<+/-Offset> 之后带有强制时区字段。
MongoDB JSON 解析器目前不支持加载表示 Unix 纪元之前的日期的 ISO-8601 字符串。在格式化前纪元日期和超过系统 time_t 类型可以容纳的日期时,使用以下格式: { "$date": { "$numberLong": "dateAsMilliseconds"} }
如果有人能解释一下为什么 MongoDB java 驱动程序、mongoexport 工具和官方文档之间没有使用通用格式,我将不胜感激?
谢谢。
最佳答案
显然 没有 Java 驱动程序偏离官方规范的充分理由。唯一的异常(exception)是那些不能用 ISO8601 格式表示的日期(如 B.C. 日期......)
作为解决方法,我扩展了 JsonWriter
类并提供了两个 toJson
静态方法作为如何使用它的示例:
package whatever.package.you.like;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.TimeZone;
import org.bson.BSONException;
import org.bson.BsonContextType;
import org.bson.BsonDocument;
import org.bson.codecs.BsonDocumentCodec;
import org.bson.codecs.EncoderContext;
import org.bson.conversions.Bson;
import org.bson.json.JsonMode;
import org.bson.json.JsonWriter;
import org.bson.json.JsonWriterSettings;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
/**
* A {@link JsonWriter} extension that conforms to the "strict" JSON format
* specified by MongoDB for data/time values.
*
* The {@link JsonWriter} class provided in the MongoDB Java driver (version
* 3.2.2) does not conform to official MongoDB specification for strict mode
* JSON (see https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/reference/mongodb-extended-json/).
* This is specifically a problem with the date/time values which get filled
* with a milliseconds value (i.e. {$date: 309249234098}) instead of the ISO8601
* date/time (i.e. {$date: "2016-07-14T08:44:23.234Z"}) value which the
* specification calls for. This extension of {@link JsonWriter} conforms to the
* MongoDb specification in this regard.
*/
public class ConformingJsonWriter extends JsonWriter {
private final JsonWriterSettings settings;
private final Writer writer;
private boolean writingIndentedDateTime = false;
/**
* Creates a new instance which uses {@code writer} to write JSON to.
*
* @param writer
* the writer to write JSON to.
*/
public ConformingJsonWriter(final Writer writer) {
this(writer, new JsonWriterSettings());
}
/**
* Creates a new instance which uses {@code writer} to write JSON to and uses
* the given settings.
*
* @param writer
* the writer to write JSON to.
* @param settings
* the settings to apply to this writer.
*/
public ConformingJsonWriter(final Writer writer,
final JsonWriterSettings settings) {
super(writer, settings);
this.writer = writer;
this.settings = settings;
setContext(new Context(null, BsonContextType.TOP_LEVEL, ""));
}
private void writeIndentation(int skip) throws IOException {
for (Context context = getContext()
.getParentContext(); context != null; context = context
.getParentContext()) {
if (skip-- <= 0) {
writer.write(settings.getIndentCharacters());
}
}
}
private static String millisToIso8601(long millis) throws IOException {
SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat(
"yyyy-MM-dd\'T\'HH:mm:ss.SSS\'Z\'");
dateFormat.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
return dateFormat.format(new Date(millis));
}
@Override
protected void doWriteDateTime(final long value) {
if ((settings.getOutputMode() == JsonMode.STRICT)
&& (value >= -59014396800000L && value <= 253399536000000L)) {
try {
writeStartDocument();
if (settings.isIndent()) {
writingIndentedDateTime = true;
writer.write(settings.getNewLineCharacters());
writeIndentation(0);
} else {
writer.write(" ");
}
writer.write("\"$date\" : ");
writer.write("\"");
writer.write(millisToIso8601(value));
writer.write("\"");
writeEndDocument();
writingIndentedDateTime = false;
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new BSONException("Wrapping IOException", e);
}
} else {
super.doWriteDateTime(value);
}
}
@Override
protected void doWriteEndDocument() {
if (writingIndentedDateTime) {
try {
writer.write(settings.getNewLineCharacters());
writeIndentation(1);
writer.write("}");
if (getContext()
.getContextType() == BsonContextType.SCOPE_DOCUMENT) {
setContext(getContext().getParentContext());
writeEndDocument();
} else {
setContext(getContext().getParentContext());
}
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new BSONException("Wrapping IOException", e);
}
} else {
super.doWriteEndDocument();
}
}
/**
* Take a {@link Bson} instance and convert it to "strict" JSON
* representation with no indentation (read, "NOT pretty printed").
*
* @param bson
* The {@link Bson} instance to convert
* @return The JSON representation.
*/
public static String toJson(Bson bson) {
return toJson(bson, new JsonWriterSettings());
}
/**
* Take a {@link Bson} instance and convert it to JSON representation.
*
* @param bson
* The {@link Bson} instance to convert
* @param writerSettings
* {@link JsonWriterSettings} that specify details about how the
* JSON output should look.
* @return The JSON representation.
*/
public static String toJson(Bson bson,
final JsonWriterSettings writerSettings) {
BsonDocumentCodec encoder = new BsonDocumentCodec();
ConformingJsonWriter writer = new ConformingJsonWriter(new StringWriter(),
writerSettings);
encoder.encode(writer,
bson.toBsonDocument(BsonDocument.class,
MongoClient.getDefaultCodecRegistry()),
EncoderContext.builder().isEncodingCollectibleDocument(true)
.build());
return writer.getWriter().toString();
}
}
关于json - 严格模式下的MongoDB日期格式,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38014515/