MongoDB:如何更新集合中的整个文档

Question

在我的应用程序中，我需要编辑文档...在编辑文档时，当前 [未更改] 版本应该仍可供其他用户使用。例如，当我开始编辑文档时，我会在单独的集合中创建它的新副本，完成后我会用临时集合的新版本替换当前版本。

假设存储在集合 users 中的原始文档如下所示:

{
  "_id" : ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13"),
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "2080-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "title 1", "description" : "description 1" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" }
  ]
}

然后，假设上面的文档被复制到另一个集合(例如 users.wip)并像这样修改:

{
  "_id" : ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13"),
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "1980-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "bye bye", "description" : "Blah blah" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" },
    { "title" : "title 3", "description" : "description 3" }
  ]
}

如何替换 whoe 文件？问题是当我尝试用

更新原始文档时

{ "$set" : {
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "1980-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "bye bye", "description" : "Blah blah" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" },
    { "title" : "title 3", "description" : "description 3" }
  ]
}}

我总是收到以下错误消息:

10150  Field name duplication not allowed with modifiers

也就是说，更新整个文档的正确方法是什么？

Answer 1

要替换整个文档，您不需要使用 $set，只需将新文档提供给 update 调用即可:

db.test.update({"_id": ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13")}, {
  "_id" : ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13"),
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "1980-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "bye bye", "description" : "Blah blah" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" },
    { "title" : "title 3", "description" : "description 3" }
  ]
})

但是，对于当前的 3.0 驱动程序，最好使用 replaceOne相反:

db.test.replaceOne({"_id": ObjectId("53b986e2fe000000019a5a13")}, {
  "name" : "Joe",
  "birthDate" : "1980-12-11",
  "publications" : [
    { "title" : "bye bye", "description" : "Blah blah" },
    { "title" : "title 2", "description" : "description 2" },
    { "title" : "title 3", "description" : "description 3" }
  ]
})