我正在尝试构建一个 Javascript 应用程序,该应用程序使用 Gmail 的 API 发送电子邮件(给我自己),其中包括 Gmail 收件箱识别酒店预订所需的结构化数据。目标是能够在 HTML 表单中输入有关预订的详细信息,并让应用程序向我发送一封电子邮件,然后收件箱将其识别为酒店预订并将旅行包添加到我的收件箱。
我遵循了一个工作示例 here ,它使用 Google Apps 脚本从我的帐户向自己发送电子邮件。该脚本以 html 格式从文件中提取正文,包括 JSON 格式的必要结构化数据。这工作正常,收件箱识别酒店预订。
这是 Apps 脚本代码:
function manuallyCreateTrips() {
var htmlBody = HtmlService.createHtmlOutputFromFile('hotel').getContent();
MailApp.sendEmail({
to: Session.getActiveUser().getEmail(),
subject: 'Somewhere ' + new Date(),
htmlBody: htmlBody,
});
}
这是电子邮件 (hotel.html) 的 html 内容:
<html>
<body>
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "http://schema.org",
"@type": "LodgingReservation",
"reservationNumber": "None",
"reservationStatus": "http://schema.org/Confirmed",
"underName": {
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Richard Guy"
},
"reservationFor": {
"@type": "LodgingBusiness",
"name": "Somewhere",
"address": {
"@type": "PostalAddress",
"streetAddress": "Street",
"addressLocality": "Locality",
"addressRegion": "Region",
"postalCode": "Postcode",
"addressCountry": "UK"
},
"telephone": "+44 1234 123123"
},
"checkinDate": "2016-04-27T13:00:00+01:00",
"checkoutDate": "2016-04-28T12:00:00+01:00"
}
</script>
<p>
This is a hotel reservation at Somewhere.
</p>
</body>
</html>
但与其手动输入 JSON,我想要一个更漂亮的界面。因此,我开始使用 Gmail 的 API 在 Javascript 中构建一个简单的电子邮件客户端,遵循工作示例 here 。客户端可以正常发送电子邮件,然后我会在我的 Gmail 帐户中收到这些电子邮件。
以下是组装和发送电子邮件的功能:
function sendEmail()
{
$('#send-button').addClass('disabled');
sendMessage(
{
'To': $('#compose-to').val(),
'Subject': $('#compose-subject').val(),
'Content-Type': 'text/html; charset=utf-8',
},
$('#compose-message').val(),
composeTidy
);
return false;
}
function sendMessage(headers_obj, message, callback)
{
var email = '';
for(var header in headers_obj)
email += header += ": "+headers_obj[header]+"\r\n";
email += "\r\n" + message;
var sendRequest = gapi.client.gmail.users.messages.send({
'userId': 'me',
'resource': {
'raw': window.btoa(email).replace(/\+/g, '-').replace(/\//g, '_')
}
});
return sendRequest.execute(callback);
}
函数 sendEmail() 调用 sendMessage(),传递一个包含标题行的对象、一个包含电子邮件(html 格式)内容的字符串,以及一个用于事后整理的回调函数。 sendMessage() 将 header 与内容结合起来,并将批处理编码为 base64。我发送与以前相同的电子邮件的 html 内容,电子邮件到达我的收件箱。正文中的任何 html 格式都正确显示在我的电子邮件查看器中。但 Gmail 的收件箱似乎没有接收结构化数据,因此预订不会添加到新行程中。
当我比较两封电子邮件的来源时,我可以看到标题的显着差异。
这是成功的电子邮件:
Delivered-To: my@gmail.com
Received: by 10.79.103.71 with SMTP id b68csp826548ivc;
Fri, 22 Apr 2016 09:09:32 -0700 (PDT)
X-Received: by 10.60.21.33 with SMTP id s1mr8900353oee.74.1461341372514;
Fri, 22 Apr 2016 09:09:32 -0700 (PDT)
Return-Path: <3vEwaVwsJC30sjdibseuhvzhnbjm.dpnsjdibseuhvzhnbjm.dpn@maestro.bounces.google.com>
Received: from mail-ob0-x248.google.com (mail-ob0-x248.google.com. [2607:f8b0:4003:c01::248])
by mx.google.com with ESMTPS id b134si2357523oih.30.2016.04.22.09.09.32
for <my@gmail.com>
(version=TLS1_2 cipher=ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256 bits=128/128);
Fri, 22 Apr 2016 09:09:32 -0700 (PDT)
Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of 3vEwaVwsJC30sjdibseuhvzhnbjm.dpnsjdibseuhvzhnbjm.dpn@maestro.bounces.google.com designates 2607:f8b0:4003:c01::248 as permitted sender) client-ip=2607:f8b0:4003:c01::248;
Authentication-Results: mx.google.com;
dkim=pass header.i=@gmail.com;
spf=pass (google.com: domain of 3vEwaVwsJC30sjdibseuhvzhnbjm.dpnsjdibseuhvzhnbjm.dpn@maestro.bounces.google.com designates 2607:f8b0:4003:c01::248 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=3vEwaVwsJC30sjdibseuhvzhnbjm.dpnsjdibseuhvzhnbjm.dpn@maestro.bounces.google.com;
dmarc=pass (p=NONE dis=NONE) header.from=gmail.com
Received: by mail-ob0-x248.google.com with SMTP id js7so145982383obc.0
for <richardtguy@gmail.com>; Fri, 22 Apr 2016 09:09:32 -0700 (PDT)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed;
d=gmail.com; s=20120113;
h=mime-version:message-id:date:subject:from:to;
bh=L6yElux8juWH24FvYKyFSYm7hSo/j0YatA7rHQ62QZ4=;
b=iUcZ/k5ctSENTTcliXUd1jyE8FnHigru+fx97U26V4ppudjHaWF5tgTXhHD9di+qu3
dCTG/5uXRDZq/9lXox+zLGn1CUJv8otDjzyu4zQQzMCgFWkrlPvzauPCxmWMeqKBpsEN
sbipWbMvTPMSLbUkzWNmC7aDqHEQffdlTu69+oEidkxBVGYYGHO6XWBNT78O9owYLUXD
+7KzpEwciGDmdXkN+bFf9kFXsIapq7kHja3o3Y56Xz/lEeZDOYfOF211IhQ/ALWKEzpe
uL3iOu1GItLVC6oUVt46d8qYxHfNtP0qmQXzNjuL4YC/XuFeR6eJQ8mXBj8pM8YkIfst
1GYg==
X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed;
d=1e100.net; s=20130820;
h=x-gm-message-state:mime-version:message-id:date:subject:from:to;
bh=L6yElux8juWH24FvYKyFSYm7hSo/j0YatA7rHQ62QZ4=;
b=QOSVkBTnwapvWbnMDhcvjyvrS84JL0QsG2vbckfUMLpFgjNcA5uw0QxZYRBLgYEjkT
r3IvezvZqgtXES6QU6XUBnZQ8h7sVhgKGvB5t/b4BZbKbnkImGAhIhSQDqFtlY0+ZgqS
GcuWs1eacvCKMfi5RKLvH6O1Bn63gEfdYtz3EjwfZdle1lvg9WvU3GSWt8G2Hw/Bb8Z2
sYo3Ok4jwLFgdguCsJG8CK6eUKwAdLvgmrfU1oh0UJVDVGbWallEsVJPXW/iqAYvgOVr
0BFsTMxKheruSLeKgx5PbUYYfOul8mLbYZz/NkLxU+hHuUd+zVvIvIPmidK+0CvMyGUB
YFeA==
X-Gm-Message-State: AOPr4FVRMkINNmOkf3rYdLZspc+99SeliqYmKfw/6w4zvXITcXqVY/CP1fJO86bNJRLEPwl2jO4UMroedpRj6A==
MIME-Version: 1.0
X-Received: by 10.182.250.201 with SMTP id ze9mr14627612obc.0.1461341372044;
Fri, 22 Apr 2016 09:09:32 -0700 (PDT)
Message-ID: <001a11c1fabe608d4f0531150d8c@google.com>
Date: Fri, 22 Apr 2016 16:09:32 +0000
Subject: Somewhere Fri Apr 22 2016 17:09:31 GMT+0100 (BST)
From: my@gmail.com
To: my@gmail.com
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=001a11c1fabe608d370531150d89
--001a11c1fabe608d370531150d89
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed; delsp=yes
Somewhere
--001a11c1fabe608d370531150d89
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
<html>
<body>
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "http://schema.org",
"@type": "LodgingReservation",
"reservationNumber": "None",
"reservationStatus": "http://schema.org/Confirmed",
"underName": {
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Richard Guy"
},
"reservationFor": {
"@type": "LodgingBusiness",
"name": "Somewhere,
"address": {
"@type": "PostalAddress",
"streetAddress": "Address",
"addressLocality": "Locality",
"addressRegion": "Region",
"postalCode": "Postcode",
"addressCountry": "Country"
},
"telephone": "+12 1234 606630"
},
"checkinDate": "2016-04-23T13:00:00+01:00",
"checkoutDate": "2016-04-24T12:00:00+01:00"
}
</script>
<p>
Somewhere
</p>
</body>
</html>
--001a11c1fabe608d370531150d89--
这是 Javascript 应用使用 Gmail API 发送的电子邮件:
Received: from 760084270114
named unknown
by gmailapi.google.com
with HTTPREST;
Sat, 23 Apr 2016 09:43:29 -0400
To: my@gmail.com
Subject: Test reservation
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Date: Sat, 23 Apr 2016 09:43:29 -0400
Message-Id: <CAD=04YmCHxH6mPY6FgoKLKFXd=C5sTLjQeo-9Q70jWKe4wVsRQ@mail.gmail.com>
From: my@gmail.com
<html>
<body>
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "http://schema.org",
"@type": "LodgingReservation",
"reservationNumber": "None",
"reservationStatus": "http://schema.org/Confirmed",
"underName": {
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Richard Guy"
},
"reservationFor": {
"@type": "LodgingBusiness",
"name": "Somewhere,
"address": {
"@type": "PostalAddress",
"streetAddress": "Address,
"addressLocality": "Locality",
"addressRegion": "Region",
"postalCode": "Postcode",
"addressCountry": "UK"
},
"telephone": "+12 3456 606630"
},
"checkinDate": "2016-04-23T13:00:00+01:00",
"checkoutDate": "2016-04-24T12:00:00+01:00"
}
</script>
<p>
Somewhere
</p>
</body>
</html>
有任何想法吗??
最佳答案
最后,我发现在 Google Apps Script (GAS) 网络应用程序中使用客户端 JavaScript 和 Bootstrap 样式来实现一个相当完善的前端表单非常简单。服务器端函数处理发送嵌入结构化数据的电子邮件。作为 GAS 的 MailApp.sendEmail()
功能对电子邮件进行数字签名,这是成功的。我已将生成的代码放在 GitHub 上并发布了网络应用 here .感谢您的建议!
关于javascript - 如何使用 Gmail API 和 Javascript 发送结构化电子邮件标记?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36811483/