java - 如何创建 List<WebElement> 并单击引发 java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException 的选项

Question

我正在测试一个 xpath 是动态的网站，并寻找一种方法来单击列表中的各个链接。我决定尝试在 ul 标记处创建一个静态的 webelements 列表。但是，当我这样做时，我收到如下所示的越界异常:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IndexOutOfBoundsException: Index: 
2, Size: 1
at java.util.ArrayList.rangeCheck(ArrayList.java:657)
at java.util.ArrayList.get(ArrayList.java:433)
at automationFramework.ThirdIronTest.main(ThirdIronTest.java:40)

我知道 li 元素的大小大于 1，并且在搜索每个元素之前我隐式等待，以便确保每个页面加载，但它似乎仍然不起作用。我错过了什么？

这是我的代码:

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {

    // Open Chrome browser
    WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

    // Maximize browser window
    driver.manage().window().maximize();

    // Navigate to QA Environment to begin test
    driver.get("https://qa-safari-develop.browzine.com/libraries/14/subjects");

    // Allow search for elements to wait for page(s) to load
    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

    //** HERE WE ARE CREATING ELEMNTS OF SUBJECT LIST
    List<WebElement> subjectElems = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"subjects-list\"]"));

    // Click on the subject Biomedical and Health Sciences from the Browse Subjects Navigation
    subjectElems.get(2).click();

Answer 1

发生索引越界异常是因为您正在获取大小等于 1 的 WebElement 列表。我的意思是，您想检索 <LI>包含生物医学和健康科学链接的元素。然而，这段代码driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"subjects-list\"]"))得到 <UL> id 为 subject-list 的元素，在页面中是唯一的。因此，列表的大小为 1，并且当您调用 subjectElems.get(2).click() 时会引发异常。 .

总结一下，要使其正常工作，您应该执行类似以下操作:

// Navigate to QA Environment to begin test
driver.get("https://qa-safari-develop.browzine.com/libraries/14/subjects");

// Allow search for elements to wait for page(s) to load
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

//** Getting the ul with the links
WebElement subjectElems = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"subjects-list\"]"));

  // looking for an element with link text = Biomedical and Health Sciences
   WebElement biomedicalAndHealthSciences = subjectElems.findElement(By.linkText("Biomedical and Health Sciences"));

System.out.println(biomedicalAndHealthSciences.getText());
// Click on the subject Biomedical and Health Sciences from the Browse Subjects Navigation
biomedicalAndHealthSciences.click();

如果你想迭代 <UL> 中的所有链接:

    WebElement subjectElems = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"subjects-list\"]"));


 List<WebElement> linkList =  subjectElems.findElements(By.tagName("a"));

       for(WebElement link: linkList) {
             System.out.println(link.getText());
             link.click();
       }