我在将 SQL 查询转换为 JPQL 时遇到问题。有一个表 CASE_FORM，其状态可以是"new"、“草稿”等。还有 3 列:类别、案例类型和区域(即位置)。我的任务是显示类别、case_type 和区域的每种组合的每个 case_status 的案例数。
例如，对于某些类别:A、case_type:1 和区域:旧金山，状态为 的案例数量New 可以是某个整数值，例如 12，状态为 Draft 的案例数量可以是 3。
为此，我打算对类别、case_type 和区域使用分组，然后对 case_status Draft 的案例数进行计数，并使用状态 New 进行另一个计数。
下面给出了上述方法的有效 SQL 查询:
SQL:
select cf.CATEGORY_ID, cf.CASE_TYPE_ID, cf.REGION,
(select count(*) from KM_ECM.CASE_FORM where CATEGORY_ID=cf.CATEGORY_ID AND CASE_TYPE_ID=cf.CASE_TYPE_ID AND REGION=cf.REGION AND CASE_STATUS='New') AS NEW,
(select count(*) from KM_ECM.CASE_FORM where CATEGORY_ID=cf.CATEGORY_ID AND CASE_TYPE_ID=cf.CASE_TYPE_ID AND REGION=cf.REGION AND CASE_STATUS='Draft') AS DRAFT
from KM_ECM.CASE_FORM cf
group by cf.CATEGORY_ID, cf.CASE_TYPE_ID, cf.REGION;
由于查询将在基于 java 的 Web 服务中执行，因此我使用 JPA 和 JPQL 来编写上述查询。对于此特定任务，JPQL 中的查询如下所示:
JPQL:
@NamedQuery(name="CaseForm.getMainReportData", query="SELECT new com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.model.MainReport(c.category, c.caseType, c.region, "
+ "(SELECT count(v) FROM CaseForm v where v.category=c.category AND v.caseType=c.caseType AND v.region=c.region AND v.caseStatus='New'),"
+ "(SELECT count(v) FROM CaseForm v where v.category=c.category AND v.caseType=c.caseType AND v.region=c.region AND v.caseStatus='Draft')"
+ ") "
+ "FROM CaseForm c "
+ "GROUP BY c.category, c.caseType, c.region")
JPQL 查询背后的思想与上面提到的 SQL 查询完全相同。唯一的补充是 JPQL 查询将数据存储在自定义 Bean 类 MainReport 中。
但是，执行后查询会中断并引发以下异常，
org.apache.openjpa.persistence.ArgumentException: Your query is invalid. Your select and having clauses must only include aggregates or values that also appear in your grouping clause
异常的完整堆栈跟踪是:
[3/5/19 12:17:05:718 PKT] 000000c0 BusinessExcep E CNTR0020E: EJB threw an unexpected (non-declared) exception during invocation of method "getMainReport" on bean "BeanId(casemanagement-ear#casemanagement-business-service-impl-1.0.jar#FEODReportService, null)". Exception data: <openjpa-2.2.3-SNAPSHOT-r422266:1764177 nonfatal user error> org.apache.openjpa.persistence.ArgumentException: Your query on type "class com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.model.CaseForm" with filter "" is invalid. Your select and having clauses must only include aggregates or values that also appear in your grouping clause.
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.ExpressionStoreQuery$AbstractExpressionExecutor$ValidateGroupingExpressionVisitor.enter(ExpressionStoreQuery.java:563)
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.exps.Val.acceptVisit(Val.java:119)
at org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.kernel.exps.CompareEqualExpression.acceptVisit(CompareEqualExpression.java:138)
at org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.kernel.exps.AndExpression.acceptVisit(AndExpression.java:80)
at org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.kernel.exps.SubQ.acceptVisit(SubQ.java:241)
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.ExpressionStoreQuery$AbstractExpressionExecutor$ValidateGroupingExpressionVisitor.validate(ExpressionStoreQuery.java:544)
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.ExpressionStoreQuery$AbstractExpressionExecutor.validate(ExpressionStoreQuery.java:335)
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.QueryImpl.compile(QueryImpl.java:591)
at org.apache.openjpa.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:1038)
at com.ibm.ws.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:116)
at com.ibm.ws.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:50)
at org.apache.openjpa.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:1017)
at com.ibm.ws.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:127)
at com.ibm.ws.jpa.management.JPATxEmInvocation.createNamedQuery(JPATxEmInvocation.java:340)
at com.ibm.ws.jpa.management.JPAEntityManager.createNamedQuery(JPAEntityManager.java:543)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.dao.impl.CaseFormDaoImpl.getMainReportData(CaseFormDaoImpl.java:495)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.service.impl.FEODReportServiceImpl.getMainReport(FEODReportServiceImpl.java:171)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:95)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:508)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.EJSContainer.invokeProceed(EJSContainer.java:5798)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InvocationContextImpl.proceed(InvocationContextImpl.java:569)
at org.apache.webbeans.ejb.common.interceptor.OpenWebBeansEjbInterceptor.callInterceptorsAndDecorators(OpenWebBeansEjbInterceptor.java:559)
at org.apache.webbeans.ejb.common.interceptor.OpenWebBeansEjbInterceptor.callToOwbInterceptors(OpenWebBeansEjbInterceptor.java:222)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor16.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:508)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InterceptorProxy.invokeInterceptor(InterceptorProxy.java:227)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InvocationContextImpl.proceed(InvocationContextImpl.java:549)
at org.apache.webbeans.ejb.WSEJBInterceptor.callToOwbInterceptors(WSEJBInterceptor.java:152)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor13.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:508)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InterceptorProxy.invokeInterceptor(InterceptorProxy.java:227)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InvocationContextImpl.proceed(InvocationContextImpl.java:549)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InvocationContextImpl.doAroundInvoke(InvocationContextImpl.java:230)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.EJSContainer.invoke(EJSContainer.java:5689)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.service.EJSRemote0SLFEODReportService_81b95711.getMainReport(EJSRemote0SLFEODReportService_81b95711.java)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.service._FEODReportService_Stub.getMainReport(_FEODReportService_Stub.java:1)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.soap.FEODReportsWebService.getMainReport(FEODReportsWebService.java:120)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:95)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:508)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.dispatcher.JavaDispatcher.invokeTargetOperation(JavaDispatcher.java:120)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.dispatcher.JavaBeanDispatcher.invoke(JavaBeanDispatcher.java:118)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.EndpointController.invoke(EndpointController.java:111)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.JAXWSMessageReceiver.receive(JAXWSMessageReceiver.java:161)
at org.apache.axis2.engine.AxisEngine.receive(AxisEngine.java:212)
at org.apache.axis2.transport.http.HTTPTransportUtils.processHTTPPostRequest(HTTPTransportUtils.java:172)
at com.ibm.ws.websvcs.transport.http.WASAxis2Servlet.doPost(WASAxis2Servlet.java:1632)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:595)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:668)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.ServletWrapper.service(ServletWrapper.java:1233)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.ServletWrapper.handleRequest(ServletWrapper.java:782)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.ServletWrapper.handleRequest(ServletWrapper.java:481)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.ServletWrapperImpl.handleRequest(ServletWrapperImpl.java:178)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.invokeFilters(WebAppFilterManager.java:1114)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.CacheServletWrapper.handleRequest(CacheServletWrapper.java:87)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WebContainer.handleRequest(WebContainer.java:949)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WSWebContainer.handleRequest(WSWebContainer.java:1817)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.channel.WCChannelLink.ready(WCChannelLink.java:200)
at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleDiscrimination(HttpInboundLink.java:463)
at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleNewRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:530)
at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.processRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:316)
at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.ready(HttpInboundLink.java:287)
at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.sendToDiscriminators(NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.java:214)
at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.complete(NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.java:113)
at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.AioReadCompletionListener.futureCompleted(AioReadCompletionListener.java:175)
at com.ibm.io.async.AbstractAsyncFuture.invokeCallback(AbstractAsyncFuture.java:217)
at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncChannelFuture.fireCompletionActions(AsyncChannelFuture.java:161)
at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncFuture.completed(AsyncFuture.java:138)
at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.complete(ResultHandler.java:204)
at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.runEventProcessingLoop(ResultHandler.java:775)
at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler$2.run(ResultHandler.java:905)
at com.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1892)
[3/5/19 12:17:05:733 PKT] 000000c0 AxisEngine E org.apache.axis2.engine.AxisEngine receive null
org.apache.axis2.AxisFault
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.dispatcher.JavaBeanDispatcher.createFaultResponse(JavaBeanDispatcher.java:407)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.dispatcher.JavaBeanDispatcher.invoke(JavaBeanDispatcher.java:138)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.EndpointController.invoke(EndpointController.java:111)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.JAXWSMessageReceiver.receive(JAXWSMessageReceiver.java:161)
at org.apache.axis2.engine.AxisEngine.receive(AxisEngine.java:212)
at org.apache.axis2.transport.http.HTTPTransportUtils.processHTTPPostRequest(HTTPTransportUtils.java:172)
at com.ibm.ws.websvcs.transport.http.WASAxis2Servlet.doPost(WASAxis2Servlet.java:1632)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:595)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:668)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.ServletWrapper.service(ServletWrapper.java:1233)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.ServletWrapper.handleRequest(ServletWrapper.java:782)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.ServletWrapper.handleRequest(ServletWrapper.java:481)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.ServletWrapperImpl.handleRequest(ServletWrapperImpl.java:178)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.filter.WebAppFilterManager.invokeFilters(WebAppFilterManager.java:1114)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.servlet.CacheServletWrapper.handleRequest(CacheServletWrapper.java:87)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WebContainer.handleRequest(WebContainer.java:949)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.WSWebContainer.handleRequest(WSWebContainer.java:1817)
at com.ibm.ws.webcontainer.channel.WCChannelLink.ready(WCChannelLink.java:200)
at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleDiscrimination(HttpInboundLink.java:463)
at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.handleNewRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:530)
at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.processRequest(HttpInboundLink.java:316)
at com.ibm.ws.http.channel.inbound.impl.HttpInboundLink.ready(HttpInboundLink.java:287)
at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.sendToDiscriminators(NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.java:214)
at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.complete(NewConnectionInitialReadCallback.java:113)
at com.ibm.ws.tcp.channel.impl.AioReadCompletionListener.futureCompleted(AioReadCompletionListener.java:175)
at com.ibm.io.async.AbstractAsyncFuture.invokeCallback(AbstractAsyncFuture.java:217)
at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncChannelFuture.fireCompletionActions(AsyncChannelFuture.java:161)
at com.ibm.io.async.AsyncFuture.completed(AsyncFuture.java:138)
at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.complete(ResultHandler.java:204)
at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler.runEventProcessingLoop(ResultHandler.java:775)
at com.ibm.io.async.ResultHandler$2.run(ResultHandler.java:905)
at com.ibm.ws.util.ThreadPool$Worker.run(ThreadPool.java:1892)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:95)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:508)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.dispatcher.JavaDispatcher.invokeTargetOperation(JavaDispatcher.java:120)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.server.dispatcher.JavaBeanDispatcher.invoke(JavaBeanDispatcher.java:118)
... 30 more
Caused by: javax.ejb.EJBException: See nested exception; nested exception is: <openjpa-2.2.3-SNAPSHOT-r422266:1764177 nonfatal user error> org.apache.openjpa.persistence.ArgumentException: Your query on type "class com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.model.CaseForm" with filter "SELECT new com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.model.MainReport(c.category, c.caseType, c.region, (SELECT count(v) FROM CaseForm v where v.category=c.category AND v.caseType=c.caseType AND v.region=c.region AND v.caseStatus='New'), (SELECT count(v) FROM CaseForm v where v.category=c.category AND v.caseType=c.caseType AND v.region=c.region AND v.caseStatus='Draft')) FROM CaseForm c GROUP BY c.category, c.caseType, c.region" is invalid. Your select and having clauses must only include aggregates or values that also appear in your grouping clause.
at com.ibm.ejs.container.util.ExceptionUtil.EJBException(ExceptionUtil.java:475)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.util.ExceptionUtil.EJBException(ExceptionUtil.java:365)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.BusinessExceptionMappingStrategy.mapException(BusinessExceptionMappingStrategy.java:392)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.BusinessExceptionMappingStrategy.setUncheckedException(BusinessExceptionMappingStrategy.java:554)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.EJSDeployedSupport.setUncheckedLocalException(EJSDeployedSupport.java:570)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.service.EJSRemote0SLFEODReportService_81b95711.getMainReport(EJSRemote0SLFEODReportService_81b95711.java)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.service._FEODReportService_Stub.getMainReport(_FEODReportService_Stub.java:1)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.soap.FEODReportsWebService.getMainReport(FEODReportsWebService.java:120)
... 36 more
Caused by: <openjpa-2.2.3-SNAPSHOT-r422266:1764177 nonfatal user error> org.apache.openjpa.persistence.ArgumentException: Your query on type "class com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.model.CaseForm" with filter "SELECT new com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.model.MainReport(c.category, c.caseType, c.region, (SELECT count(v) FROM CaseForm v where v.category=c.category AND v.caseType=c.caseType AND v.region=c.region AND v.caseStatus='New'), (SELECT count(v) FROM CaseForm v where v.category=c.category AND v.caseType=c.caseType AND v.region=c.region AND v.caseStatus='Draft')) FROM CaseForm c GROUP BY c.category, c.caseType, c.region" is invalid. Your select and having clauses must only include aggregates or values that also appear in your grouping clause.
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.ExpressionStoreQuery$AbstractExpressionExecutor$ValidateGroupingExpressionVisitor.enter(ExpressionStoreQuery.java:563)
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.exps.Val.acceptVisit(Val.java:119)
at org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.kernel.exps.CompareEqualExpression.acceptVisit(CompareEqualExpression.java:138)
at org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.kernel.exps.AndExpression.acceptVisit(AndExpression.java:80)
at org.apache.openjpa.jdbc.kernel.exps.SubQ.acceptVisit(SubQ.java:241)
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.ExpressionStoreQuery$AbstractExpressionExecutor$ValidateGroupingExpressionVisitor.validate(ExpressionStoreQuery.java:544)
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.ExpressionStoreQuery$AbstractExpressionExecutor.validate(ExpressionStoreQuery.java:335)
at org.apache.openjpa.kernel.QueryImpl.compile(QueryImpl.java:591)
at org.apache.openjpa.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:1038)
at com.ibm.ws.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:116)
at com.ibm.ws.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:50)
at org.apache.openjpa.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:1017)
at com.ibm.ws.persistence.EntityManagerImpl.createNamedQuery(EntityManagerImpl.java:127)
at com.ibm.ws.jpa.management.JPATxEmInvocation.createNamedQuery(JPATxEmInvocation.java:340)
at com.ibm.ws.jpa.management.JPAEntityManager.createNamedQuery(JPAEntityManager.java:543)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.dao.impl.CaseFormDaoImpl.getMainReportData(CaseFormDaoImpl.java:495)
at com.techlogix.sbp.casemanagement.service.impl.FEODReportServiceImpl.getMainReport(FEODReportServiceImpl.java:171)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:95)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:508)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.EJSContainer.invokeProceed(EJSContainer.java:5798)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InvocationContextImpl.proceed(InvocationContextImpl.java:569)
at org.apache.webbeans.ejb.common.interceptor.OpenWebBeansEjbInterceptor.callInterceptorsAndDecorators(OpenWebBeansEjbInterceptor.java:559)
at org.apache.webbeans.ejb.common.interceptor.OpenWebBeansEjbInterceptor.callToOwbInterceptors(OpenWebBeansEjbInterceptor.java:222)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor16.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:508)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InterceptorProxy.invokeInterceptor(InterceptorProxy.java:227)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InvocationContextImpl.proceed(InvocationContextImpl.java:549)
at org.apache.webbeans.ejb.WSEJBInterceptor.callToOwbInterceptors(WSEJBInterceptor.java:152)
at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor13.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:55)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:508)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InterceptorProxy.invokeInterceptor(InterceptorProxy.java:227)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InvocationContextImpl.proceed(InvocationContextImpl.java:549)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.interceptors.InvocationContextImpl.doAroundInvoke(InvocationContextImpl.java:230)
at com.ibm.ejs.container.EJSContainer.invoke(EJSContainer.java:5689)
... 39 more
最佳答案
我确实建议您不要运行两个非常相似的相关子查询。在 SQL 中一次性计算两个计数会快得多。鉴于您的子查询从与外部查询相同的表中进行选择，您甚至可以通过对表的单次访问来完成此操作:
SELECT
cf.CATEGORY_ID,
cf.CASE_TYPE_ID,
cf.REGION,
COUNT(CASE WHEN cf.CASE_STATUS = 'New' THEN 1 END) AS NEW,
COUNT(CASE WHEN cf.CASE_STATUS = 'Draft' THEN 1 END) AS DRAFT
FROM KM_ECM.CASE_FORM cf
GROUP BY
cf.CATEGORY_ID,
cf.CASE_TYPE_ID,
cf.REGION
I have blogged about this technique more in detail here .
有了这个不再依赖相关子查询的简化版本，您现在也许可以在 JPQL 中使用 DTO 投影，或者您只需使用 native 查询即可。
关于java - JPQL 中对象构造函数内的子查询，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54997535/