java - Netty HTTP2 帧转发/代理 - 管道配置问题

Question

我正在尝试创建一个 Netty (4.1) POC，它可以将 h2c(没有 TLS 的 HTTP2)帧转发到 h2c 服务器上 - 即本质上创建一个 Netty h2c 代理服务。 Wireshark 显示 Netty 发送帧，h2c 服务器进行回复(例如响应 header 和数据)，尽管我在 Netty 本身内接收/处理响应 HTTP 帧时遇到了一些问题。

作为起点，我调整了 Multiplex.server 示例 (io.netty.example.http2.helloworld. Multiplex.server)，以便在 HelloWorldHttp2Handler 中，我不再使用虚拟消息进行响应，而是连接到远程节点:

    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
    Channel remoteChannel = null;

    // create or retrieve the remote channel (one to one mapping) associated with this incoming (client) channel
    synchronized (lock) {
        if (!ctx.channel().hasAttr(remoteChannelKey)) {
            remoteChannel = this.connectToRemoteBlocking(ctx.channel());
            ctx.channel().attr(remoteChannelKey).set(remoteChannel);
        } else {
            remoteChannel = ctx.channel().attr(remoteChannelKey).get();
        }
    }

    if (msg instanceof Http2HeadersFrame) {
        onHeadersRead(remoteChannel, (Http2HeadersFrame) msg);
    } else if (msg instanceof Http2DataFrame) {
        final Http2DataFrame data = (Http2DataFrame) msg;
        onDataRead(remoteChannel, (Http2DataFrame) msg);
        send(ctx.channel(), new DefaultHttp2WindowUpdateFrame(data.initialFlowControlledBytes()).stream(data.stream()));
    } else {
        super.channelRead(ctx, msg);
    }
}

private void send(Channel remoteChannel, Http2Frame frame) {
    remoteChannel.writeAndFlush(frame).addListener(new GenericFutureListener() {
        @Override
        public void operationComplete(Future future) throws Exception {
            if (!future.isSuccess()) {
                future.cause().printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    });
}

/**
 * If receive a frame with end-of-stream set, send a pre-canned response.
 */
private void onDataRead(Channel remoteChannel, Http2DataFrame data) throws Exception {
    if (data.isEndStream()) {
        send(remoteChannel, data);
    } else {
        // We do not send back the response to the remote-peer, so we need to release it.
        data.release();
    }
}

/**
 * If receive a frame with end-of-stream set, send a pre-canned response.
 */
private void onHeadersRead(Channel remoteChannel, Http2HeadersFrame headers)
        throws Exception {
    if (headers.isEndStream()) {
        send(remoteChannel, headers);
    }
}

private Channel connectToRemoteBlocking(Channel clientChannel) {
    try {
        Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
        b.group(new NioEventLoopGroup());
        b.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);
        b.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
        b.remoteAddress("localhost", H2C_SERVER_PORT);
        b.handler(new Http2ClientInitializer());

        final Channel channel = b.connect().syncUninterruptibly().channel();

        channel.config().setAutoRead(true);
        channel.attr(clientChannelKey).set(clientChannel);

        return channel;
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        return null;
    }
}

初始化 channel 管道时(在 Http2ClientInitializer 中)，如果我执行以下操作:

@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
    ch.pipeline().addLast(Http2MultiplexCodecBuilder.forClient(new Http2OutboundClientHandler()).frameLogger(TESTLOGGER).build());
    ch.pipeline().addLast(new UserEventLogger());
}

然后我可以看到帧在 Wireshark 中正确转发，h2c 服务器回复 header 和帧数据，但 Netty 回复 GOAWAY [INTERNAL_ERROR]，原因是:

14:23:09.324 [nioEventLoopGroup-3-1] WARN i.n.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline - An exceptionCaught() event was fired, and it reached at the tail of the pipeline. It usually means the last handler in the pipeline did not handle the exception. java.lang.IllegalStateException: Stream object required for identifier: 1 at io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2FrameCodec$FrameListener.requireStream(Http2FrameCodec.java:587) at io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2FrameCodec$FrameListener.onHeadersRead(Http2FrameCodec.java:550) at io.netty.handler.codec.http2.Http2FrameCodec$FrameListener.onHeadersRead(Http2FrameCodec.java:543)...

如果我尝试使其具有 http2 客户端示例中的管道配置，例如:

@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
    final Http2Connection connection = new DefaultHttp2Connection(false);

    ch.pipeline().addLast(
        new Http2ConnectionHandlerBuilder()
            .connection(connection)
            .frameLogger(TESTLOGGER)
            .frameListener(new DelegatingDecompressorFrameListener(connection, new InboundHttp2ToHttpAdapterBuilder(connection)
                .maxContentLength(maxContentLength)
                .propagateSettings(true)
                .build() ))
            .build());
}

然后我得到:

java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: unsupported message type: DefaultHttp2HeadersFrame (expected: ByteBuf, FileRegion) at io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioByteChannel.filterOutboundMessage(AbstractNioByteChannel.java:283) at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AbstractUnsafe.write(AbstractChannel.java:882) at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext.write(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:1365)

如果我随后添加 HTTP2 帧编解码器(Http2MultiplexCodec 或 Http2FrameCodec):

@Override
    public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
        final Http2Connection connection = new DefaultHttp2Connection(false);

        ch.pipeline().addLast(
            new Http2ConnectionHandlerBuilder()
                .connection(connection)
                .frameLogger(TESTLOGGER)
                .frameListener(new DelegatingDecompressorFrameListener(connection, new InboundHttp2ToHttpAdapterBuilder(connection)
                    .maxContentLength(maxContentLength)
                    .propagateSettings(true)
                    .build() ))
                .build());

        ch.pipeline().addLast(Http2MultiplexCodecBuilder.forClient(new Http2OutboundClientHandler()).frameLogger(TESTLOGGER).build());
    }

然后Netty发送两个连接前言帧，导致h2c服务器拒绝并显示GOAWAY [PROTOCOL_ERROR]:

<小时/>

这就是我遇到问题的地方 - 即配置远程 channel 管道，使其能够无错误地发送 Http2Frame 对象，而且在收到响应时在 Netty 中接收/处理它们。

有人有什么想法/建议吗？

Answer 1

我最终成功了；以下 Github 问题包含一些有用的代码/信息:

• Generating a Http2StreamChannel, from a Channel
• A Http2Client with Http2MultiplexCode

我需要进一步研究一些注意事项，尽管该方法的要点是您需要将 channel 包装在 Http2StreamChannel 中，这意味着我的 connectToRemoteBlocking() 方法最终为:

private Http2StreamChannel connectToRemoteBlocking(Channel clientChannel) {
        try {
            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
            b.group(new NioEventLoopGroup()); // TODO reuse existing event loop
            b.channel(NioSocketChannel.class);
            b.option(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
            b.remoteAddress("localhost", H2C_SERVER_PORT);
            b.handler(new Http2ClientInitializer());

            final Channel channel = b.connect().syncUninterruptibly().channel();

            channel.config().setAutoRead(true);
            channel.attr(clientChannelKey).set(clientChannel);

            // TODO make more robust, see example at https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/8692
            final Http2StreamChannelBootstrap bs = new Http2StreamChannelBootstrap(channel);
            final Http2StreamChannel http2Stream = bs.open().syncUninterruptibly().get();
            http2Stream.attr(clientChannelKey).set(clientChannel);
            http2Stream.pipeline().addLast(new Http2OutboundClientHandler()); // will read: DefaultHttp2HeadersFrame, DefaultHttp2DataFrame

            return http2Stream;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

然后，为了防止出现“标识符需要流对象:1”错误(本质上是说:“这个(客户端)HTTP2 请求是新的，那么为什么我们有这个特定的流？” - 因为我们隐式地重用了最初收到的“服务器”请求中的流对象)，我们需要在转发数据时更改为使用远程 channel 的流:

private void onHeadersRead(Http2StreamChannel remoteChannel, Http2HeadersFrame headers) throws Exception {
        if (headers.isEndStream()) {
            headers.stream(remoteChannel.stream());
            send(remoteChannel, headers);
        }
    }

然后，配置的 channel 入站处理程序(由于其用途，我将其称为 Http2OutboundClientHandler)将以正常方式接收传入的 HTTP2 帧:

@Sharable
public class Http2OutboundClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<Http2Frame> {

    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        super.exceptionCaught(ctx, cause);
        cause.printStackTrace();
        ctx.close();
    }

    @Override
    public void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Http2Frame msg) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Http2OutboundClientHandler Http2Frame Type: " + msg.getClass().toString());
    }

}