python - 为什么chrome webdriver配置无效？

Question

我正在尝试使用 Selenium 驱动程序运行抓取工具

我的py文件是(刚刚开始)

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import Select
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException

# Set the url we want
<and so on>

但是我收到以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 37, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 81, in __init__
    desired_capabilities=desired_capabilities)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_respons
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming  has crashed.)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.46.628388 (4a34a70827ac54148e092aafb70504c4ea7ae926),platform=Linux 4.4.0-140-generic

搜索此错误，似乎它在 ChromeDriver、Google-Chrome 和 Selenium 中不兼容，但是我的 Selenium 版本是 3.141.0，我的 chrome 版本是 72.0.3626.119 code>，我的 ChromeDriver 是 2.46。

所以它们都是最新的，而且看起来都很兼容。

有什么问题吗？

Answer 1

我在 Ubuntu 18.04 上遇到了这个错误，它可能是导致 Chrome 崩溃的几个原因之一。尝试设置这些标志:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
options = Options()
options.add_argument("--no-sandbox")
options.add_argument("--headless")

driver = webdriver.Chrome("/usr/local/bin/chromedriver", chrome_options=options)

--headless 标志可确保 Chrome 以 headless 模式启动，因为我假设您的 Ubuntu 上没有运行桌面。 --no-sandbox 标志会关闭 Linux 中的沙箱，这有时会在开始时导致问题。