sql - MySQL 添加总计列

Question

我需要查询此数据库以获取每一行，以及结果的其中一个列值的 SUM。我可以使用 php 来获取总值，但是我需要运行两个循环，一个循环来获取总值(位于结果上方的顶部)。所以我更喜欢查询来捕获它并只生成一个“总计”行，但我让它工作的唯一方法是使用一个子查询，该子查询本质上是原始查询的重复。有没有更好的办法？

SELECT 
CONCAT(u.firstname, ' ', u.lastname ) name, u.id, s.description, s.shiftstart, s.shiftend, 
    (SELECT 
    SUM( TIME_TO_SEC( TIMEDIFF( shiftend, shiftstart ) ) ) /3600
    FROM shifts
    WHERE id =  '$user'
    AND DATE( shiftstart )
    BETWEEN '$start'
    AND '$end') total
FROM shifts s
INNER JOIN users u ON ( s.id = u.id )
WHERE s.id = '$user'
AND DATE( shiftstart )
BETWEEN '$start'
AND '$end'
ORDER BY shiftstart

以上工作及输出:

name        id     description  shiftstart             shiftend               total
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-05 07:45:00    2009-01-05 12:15:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-05 13:00:00    2009-01-05 17:00:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-06 07:45:00    2009-01-06 10:45:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-06 10:45:00    2009-01-06 12:45:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-06 13:30:00    2009-01-06 14:30:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-06 14:30:00    2009-01-06 17:00:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-07 09:45:00    2009-01-07 14:00:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-07 15:00:00    2009-01-07 17:00:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-08 08:00:00    2009-01-08 12:15:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-08 13:15:00    2009-01-08 17:00:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-09 07:45:00    2009-01-09 10:45:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-09 11:45:00    2009-01-09 15:15:00    39.5000
Joe User    joeuser    Stuff    2009-01-09 15:15:00    2009-01-09 17:00:00    39.5000

这是我需要的，但可能不是获得它的最佳方式。

Answer 1

MySQL 支持一种特殊的分组依据修饰符，称为 ROLLUP .

SELECT CONCAT(u.firstname, ' ', u.lastname ) name, u.id, 
  s.description, s.shiftstart, s.shiftend, 
  SUM( TIME_TO_SEC( TIMEDIFF( shiftend, shiftstart ) ) ) /3600 total
FROM shifts s INNER JOIN users u ON ( s.id = u.id )
WHERE s.id = ? AND DATE( shiftstart ) BETWEEN ? AND ?
GROUP BY u.id, s.shiftstart WITH ROLLUP
ORDER BY shiftstart;