我正在尝试使用Python通过命令行与另一个程序进行交互。我遇到的主要问题是具有多个后续提示的特定呼叫。最初，命令行调用会询问一个项目的名称，然后继续询问我是否要查看该项目的任何子文件夹。我需要按顺序对每个答案回答y / n，不幸的是，答案并非全部都是y或n。另外，如果不阅读各个提示，就无法知道问题的答案，因此我无法一次发送全部“ y”或“ n”的块。
这是命令行调用：
si viewproject
输入命令后，命令行提示：
输入项目名称：
响应示例为：
输入项目名称：c：/test.pj
进入项目后，它会提示以下内容：
您是否要递归到子项目test_subprj.pj？ [ynYN]（n）
此时，我需要使用y或n进行响应，具体取决于我是否需要该子项目。同样，对该问题的回答取决于子项目。我需要能够在此提示下读取子项目，以便以“ y”或“ n”响应
目前，我需要手动输入项目，分别输入y和n。我的目标是使用Python自动化此过程。
有没有办法自动响应这些命令行提示？
目前的进展
子流程策略
project_path = "c:/test.pj"
with Popen(["si", "viewproject", "--project=" + project_path],
stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, universal_newlines=True) as p:
for line in p.stdout:
if line.startswith("Do you want"):
answer = 'n'
else:
continue # skip it
print(answer, file=p.stdin) # provide answer
p.stdin.flush()
with Popen语句后挂此方法。它永远不会出错，但是永远不会进入或退出for语句并且永远不会完成。当前，我将所有答案默认为“ n”，但是稍后将替换为逻辑。
Winpexpect策略
import re
import sys
from functools import partial
import winpexpect
project_path = "c:/test.pj"
p = winpexpect.winspawn('si viewproject --project=' + project_path)
p.logfile = sys.stdout
patterns = [re.compile('ynYN'), winpexpect.EOF]
for found in iter(partial(p.expect, patterns), 1): # until EOF
if found == 0:
answer = 'n'
p.sendline(answer)
返回以下错误消息：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\winpexpect-1.5-py3.3.egg\winpexpect.py", line 541, in read_nonblocking
handle, status, data = self.child_output.get(timeout=timeout)
File "C:\Python33\lib\queue.py", line 175, in get
raise Empty
queue.Empty
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\winpexpect-1.5-py3.3.egg\pexpect.py", line 1378, in expect_loop
c = self.read_nonblocking (self.maxread, timeout)
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\winpexpect-1.5-py3.3.egg\winpexpect.py", line 543, in read_nonblocking
raise TIMEOUT('Timeout exceeded in read_nonblocking().')
pexpect.TIMEOUT: Timeout exceeded in read_nonblocking().
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "K:\eclipse_3.6.0\plugins\org.python.pydev_2.6.0.2012062818\pysrc\pydev_runfiles.py", line 432, in __get_module_from_str
mod = __import__(modname)
File "C:\workspace\Test_prj\Test_prj.py", line 19, in <module>
for found in iter(partial(p.expect, patterns), 1): # until EOF
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\winpexpect-1.5-py3.3.egg\pexpect.py", line 1311, in expect
return self.expect_list(compiled_pattern_list, timeout, searchwindowsize)
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\winpexpect-1.5-py3.3.egg\pexpect.py", line 1325, in expect_list
return self.expect_loop(searcher_re(pattern_list), timeout, searchwindowsize)
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\winpexpect-1.5-py3.3.egg\pexpect.py", line 1409, in expect_loop
raise TIMEOUT (str(e) + '\n' + str(self))
pexpect.TIMEOUT: Timeout exceeded in read_nonblocking().
<winpexpect.winspawn object at 0x0144AE50>
version: 2.3 ($Revision: 399 $)
command: si
args: ['si', 'viewproject', '--project=c:/test.pj']
searcher: searcher_re:
0: re.compile("ynYN")
1: EOF
buffer (last 100 chars):
before (last 100 chars):
after: <class 'pexpect.TIMEOUT'>
match: None
match_index: None
exitstatus: None
flag_eof: False
pid: 6448
child_fd: 4
closed: False
timeout: 30
delimiter: <class 'pexpect.EOF'>
logfile: <_io.TextIOWrapper name='<stdout>' mode='w' encoding='Cp1252'>
logfile_read: None
logfile_send: None
maxread: 2000
ignorecase: False
searchwindowsize: None
delaybeforesend: 0.05
delayafterclose: 0.1
delayafterterminate: 0.1
ERROR: Module: Test_prj could not be imported (file: C:\workspace\Test_prj\Test_prj.py).
安装Winpexpect
懒人之道
Install Distribute
Do This
Install PyWin32
Install Winpexpect
Optional: Install Nose
Optional: Install Pip
第一世界问题
Python对我来说是一种新语言，我以前从未为Python安装过软件包。此外，Python 3.x与其他版本的Python稍有不同，这使得安装模块更具冒险意义。
因此，为了帮助其他人做出一些甜蜜的模块操作（并帮助那些知识渊博的人看看我是否做错了什么），这是一个很快成为成功的故事（希望）记录了我如何获得和安装我的第一个模块。
设定
Python允许第三方团体开发和分发扩展程序语言能力的模块。自然，有一种标准方法可以帮助第三方开发人员使模块尽可能容易地供最终用户使用。
对于Python 3.x，用于分发模块的标准称为Distutils。
这是开发人员使用Distutils的方式：
Distributing Python Modules
最终用户使用Distutils的方法如下：
Installing Python Modules
通常，在命令行中导航到下载的模块的文件夹并运行“ setup.py install”就足够了。
但
有时生活并不那么轻松，您的安装可能仍然有问题。实际上，您可能还需要其他东西。例如，您可能会收到以下错误：
“ ImportError“没有名为Setuptools的模块”
幸运的是，有一个解决方案：
Python 3: ImportError "No Module named Setuptools"
事实证明，并不是所有的东西都使用distutils。一些软件包使用setuptools。不幸的是，没有适用于Python 3.x的setuptools。相反，Python 3.x使用distribute，它是setuptools的一个分支。
因此，对于那些使用Python 3.x的人来说，这是Distribute：Distribute
对于使用Python 2.x的用户，这里是Setuptools：Setuptools
在“分发安装说明”中，内容如下：
“下载
distribute_setup.py <http://python-distribute.org/distribute_setup.py> _并使用您选择的Python解释器执行它。”
它还说：“请注意，源版本中也提供了此文件。”
因此，我下载了Distribute，并将其保存到计算机中。将其保存到计算机后，我从源代码版本中运行了dispatch_setup.py并收到以下错误：
Downloading http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.36.tar.gz
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Python33\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1252, in do_open
h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers) File "C:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 1049, in request
self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
File "C:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 1087, in _send_request
self.endheaders(body)
File "C:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 1045, in endheaders
self._send_output(message_body)
File "C:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 890, in _send_output
self.send(msg)
File "C:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 828, in send
self.connect()
File "C:\Python33\lib\http\client.py", line 806, in connect
self.timeout, self.source_address)
File "C:\Python33\lib\socket.py", line 406, in create_connection
for res in getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, SOCK_STREAM):
socket.gaierror: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\workspace\PythonTest\distribute_setup.py", line 553, in <module>
sys.exit(main())
File "C:\workspace\PythonTest\distribute_setup.py", line 549, in main
tarball = download_setuptools(download_base=options.download_base)
File "C:\workspace\PythonTest\distribute_setup.py", line 204, in download_setuptools
src = urlopen(url)
File "C:\Python33\lib\urllib\request.py", line 160, in urlopen
return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
File "C:\Python33\lib\urllib\request.py", line 473, in open
response = self._open(req, data)
File "C:\Python33\lib\urllib\request.py", line 491, in _open
'_open', req)
File "C:\Python33\lib\urllib\request.py", line 451, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "C:\Python33\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1272, in http_open
return self.do_open(http.client.HTTPConnection, req)
File "C:\Python33\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1255, in do_open
raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed>
好吧，那不好！老实说，我仍然不知道该错误来自何处或为什么发生。
无论如何，然后我发现以下网站运行了.exe以安装Distribution和pip。
Install Distribute
Install Pip
因此，我安装了这些计算机，然后使用以下站点来设置计算机，以更轻松地使用easy_install：Setting Up Easy Install Made Easy
一旦完成此工作，我便安装了鼻子：Nose
我鼻子的原因是因为Winpexpect website说：
“ WinPexpect包含单元测试。要运行测试，需要鼻子。使用以下命令运行测试：
$ python setup.py测试”
听起来不错:)。现在，我只是希望自己知道在哪里进行测试。我知道，如果您手动安装，请使用setup.py install命令，因此在线压缩目录中肯定有一个setup.py。为了查看是否正确，我下载并保存了winpexpect文件，提取了信息，通过命令行导航到该文件，然后运行setup.py测试。
结果如下：
running test
running build_py
running egg_info
creating c:\documents and settings\slz1fh\desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\build\lib\winpexpect.egg-info
writing c:\documents and settings\slz1fh\desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\build\lib\winpexpect.egg-info\PKG-INFO
writing dependency_links to c:\documents and settings\slz1fh\desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\build\lib\winpexpect.egg-info\dependency_links.txt
writing top-level names to c:\documents and settings\slz1fh\desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\build\lib\winpexpect.egg-info\top_level.txt
writing requirements to c:\documents and settings\slz1fh\desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\build\lib\winpexpect.egg-info\requires.txt
writing manifest file 'c:\documents and settings\slz1fh\desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\build\lib\winpexpect.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
reading manifest file 'c:\documents and settings\slz1fh\desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\build\lib\winpexpect.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
writing manifest file 'c:\documents and settings\slz1fh\desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\build\lib\winpexpect.egg-info\SOURCES.txt'
running build_ext
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Documents and Settings\SLZ1FH\Desktop\winpexpect\geertj-winpexpect-76df3cfcb143\setup.py", line 35, in <module>
use_2to3 = True
File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
dist.run_commands()
File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 917, in run_commands
self.run_command(cmd)
File "C:\Python33\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 936, in run_command
cmd_obj.run()
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\distribute-0.6.36-py3.3.egg\setuptools\command\test.py", line 138, in run
self.with_project_on_sys_path(self.run_tests)
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\distribute-0.6.36-py3.3.egg\setuptools\command\test.py", line 118, in with_project_on_sys_path
func()
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\distribute-0.6.36-py3.3.egg\setuptools\command\test.py", line 164, in run_tests
testLoader = cks
File "C:\Python33\lib\unittest\main.py", line 124, in __init__
self.parseArgs(argv)
File "C:\Python33\lib\unittest\main.py", line 168, in parseArgs
self.createTests()
File "C:\Python33\lib\unittest\main.py", line 175, in createTests
self.module)
File "C:\Python33\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 137, in loadTestsFromNames
suites = [self.loadTestsFromName(name, module) for name in names]
File "C:\Python33\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 137, in <listcomp>
suites = [self.loadTestsFromName(name, module) for name in names]
File "C:\Python33\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 96, in loadTestsFromName
module = __import__('.'.join(parts_copy))
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\nose-1.3.0-py3.3.egg\nose\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
from nose.core import collector, main, run, run_exit, runmodule
File "C:\Python33\lib\site-packages\nose-1.3.0-py3.3.egg\nose\core.py", line 143
print "%s version %s" % (os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]), __version__)
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
好的，因此，鼻子的Python 3.3版本包含Python 3.3的无效语法吗？
打印“％s版本％s”％（os.path.basename（sys.argv [0]），版本）...
绝对应该在其周围加上括号...这使我感到疑问，鼻子是否会真正在这里工作，因为它显然是为早期版本的Python设计的。
最佳答案
在注释中，您提到xx viewproject < answers.txt > output.txt可以工作，但是您不能使用它，因为答案取决于子流程的输出。
通常，可以使用类似pexpect的模块，例如winpexpect（对于Windows）。就像是：
import re
import sys
from functools import partial
from winpexpect import EOF, winspawn as spawn
p = spawn('xx viewproject')
p.logfile = sys.stdout
patterns = ['the project:', re.escape('? [ynYN](n)'), EOF]
for found in iter(partial(p.expect, patterns), 2): # until EOF
if found == 0:
p.sendline(project_name)
elif found == 1:
filename = get_filename_from_prompt(p.before) # a regex could be used
answer = yes_or_no_from_subproject.get(filename, 'no') # a dict
p.sendline(answer)
如果提示以换行符终止（并且子进程不缓冲它们）；您可以直接使用
subprocess模块逐行阅读：from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
with Popen(["xx", "viewproject"], stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE,
universal_newlines=True) as p:
for line in p.stdout:
if line.startswith("Please enter the name of the project"):
answer = project_name
elif line.startswith("Would you like to recurse into the subproject"):
filename = get_filename_from_prompt(line) # a regex could be used
answer = yes_or_no_from_subproject.get(filename, 'n') # a dict
else:
continue # skip it
print(answer, file=p.stdin) # provide answer
p.stdin.flush()
要测试您可以使用
xx从subprocess读取内容，请执行以下操作：from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, STDOUT
with Popen(["xx", "viewproject"], bufsize=0,
stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT) as p:
print(repr(p.stdout.read(1)))
关于python - Python:响应命令行提示符，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57358792/