python - 在 SymPy 中绘制 3D 点列表

Question

如果我有 3D 点列表，请说

pts = [(0,0,0),(1,0,0),(0,2,0),(0,0,3)]

我想使用 SciPy 来绘制它们，我该怎么做？我试过了

plot3d([Point(0,0,0),Point(1,0,0),Point(0,2,0),Point(0,0,3)], (x, -5, 5), (y, -5, 5))

但这会导致此错误:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-54-851ee4534010> in <module>()
----> 1 plot3d([Point(0,0,0),Point(1,0,0),Point(0,2,0),Point(0,0,3)], (x, -5, 5), (y, -5, 5))

/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sympy/plotting/plot.py in plot3d(*args, **kwargs)
   1618     series = []
   1619     plot_expr = check_arguments(args, 1, 2)
-> 1620     series = [SurfaceOver2DRangeSeries(*arg, **kwargs) for arg in plot_expr]
   1621     plots = Plot(*series, **kwargs)
   1622     if show:

TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not iterable

最理想的解决方案是用这些顶点绘制一个多面体(四面体)，或者用线段连接它们。

Answer 1

您可以使用scatter绘制这些点。如果您想用线段连接它们，一种可能的方法是首先绘制点，然后连接它们，如下所示:

import matplotlib as mpl
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import itertools

fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.gca(projection='3d')

# plotting the points
pts = [(0,0,0),(1,0,0),(0,2,0),(0,0,3)]
for p in pts:
    ax.scatter(p[0], p[1], p[2], zdir='z', c='r')

# plotting lines for each point pair
for a, b in itertools.product(pts, pts):
    x = np.linspace(a[0], b[0], 100)
    y = np.linspace(a[1], b[1], 100)
    z = np.linspace(a[2], b[2], 100)
    ax.plot(x, y, z)

ax.legend()
ax.set_xlim3d(0, 1)
ax.set_ylim3d(0, 2)
ax.set_zlim3d(0, 3)

plt.show()