python - 无法在python中访问基类中的父类成员

Question

我正在使用 python 3.4，我是面向对象编程的新手，想要访问我的子类中的父类成员。但它无法访问。谁能帮我摆脱这个？

# Base class members can be accessed in
# derived class using base class name.

# Parent or super class
class Company:

    def BasicInfo(self):
        self.CompanyName = "ABC Solutions"
        self.Address = "XYZ"

# Inherited or child class
class Employee(Company):
    # constructor
    def __init__(self, Name):
        print("Employee Name:", Name)
        print("Company Name:", self.CompanyName)

def main():
    # Create an object
    emp01 = Employee("John")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

下面提到的代码可以工作，但使用相同的概念，我的代码无法工作，为什么？谁能给我解释一下原因吗？

class Room:                                                                     

    def __init__(self):                                                         
        self.roomno = 0                                                         
        self.rcap = 0                                                           
        self.rooms = {}                                                         
        self.nog = 10                                                            

    def addRoom(self):                                                          
        self.rcap = input("Please enter room capacity:\n")                      
        self.rooms[self.roomno] = self.rcap                                     

class Booking(Room):                                                            
    def addBooking(self):                                                       
        while int(self.nog) > int(self.rcap):                                   
            print("Guest count exceeds room capacity of: %d" % int(self.rcap))  

x = Booking()
x.addRoom()
x.addBooking()

Answer 1

您缺少对父类(super class)的 BasicInfo 方法的调用:

 def __init__(self, Name):
     print("Employee Name:", Name)
     super().BasicInfo()
     # ^^Here^^
     print("Company Name:", self.CompanyName)

显然，您可以将 super().BasicInfo() 替换为对该类的直接引用:

Company.BasicInfo(self)

<小时/>

在第二个示例中，子类没有定义 __init__ 方法，因此它将从父类继承该方法；因此，实例变量将出现在子类中。