python - 如何获取未安装的 pip 包的简短和详细描述？

Question

令我非常失望的是，pip 包管理器没有显示尚未安装的包的任何信息。获得任何东西的唯一方法似乎是使用 pip search XXX |grep -i XXX 来 grep 简短描述的输出。

• 问:有没有一种简单的方法来获取 pip 包 XXX 的详细描述？
  (从命令行，无需安装。)

也许使用 PyPI 中的 wget 或 curl 的聪明方法可行？

<小时/>

编辑: 我成功地得到了一个curl单行:

这是 Bash 的一句话:

curl -sG -H 'Host: pypi.org' -H 'Accept: application/json' https://pypi.org/pypi/numpy/json | awk -F "description\":\"" '{ print $2 }' |cut -d ',' -f 1

# NumPy is a general-purpose array-processing package designed to...

但是，最好采用不同的且更稳健的方式。

Answer 1

PyPI 提供了一个 API 来访问包元数据:

• Simple : https://pypi.org/simple/<pkgname> 的回复是一个 HTML 页面，它是下载 URL 的列表，可以使用任何 HTML 解析器进行解析，例如 beautifulsoup或lxml .

• JSON : http://pypi.org/pypi/<pkgname>/json 的回复是一个 JSON 字符串，可以使用任何 JSON 处理工具进行处理。使用 requests 的评论示例:

    In [1]: import requests

    In [2]: data = requests.get('https://pypi.org/pypi/lxml/json').json()

    In [3]: data['info']['summary']
    Out[3]: 'Powerful and Pythonic XML processing library combining libxml2/libxslt with the ElementTree API.'

    In [4]: data['info']['description']
    Out[4]: 'lxml is a Pythonic, mature binding for the libxml2 and libxslt libraries.  It\nprovides safe and convenient access to these libraries using the ElementTree\nAPI.\n\nIt extends the ElementTree API significantly to offer support for XPath,\nRelaxNG, XML Schema, XSLT, C14N and much more.\n\nTo contact the project, go to the `project home page\n<http://lxml.de/>`_ or see our bug tracker at\nhttps://launchpad.net/lxml\n\nIn case you want to use the current in-development version of lxml,\nyou can get it from the github repository at\nhttps://github.com/lxml/lxml .  Note that this requires Cython to\nbuild the sources, see the build instructions on the project home\npage.  To the same end, running ``easy_install lxml==dev`` will\ninstall lxml from\nhttps://github.com/lxml/lxml/tarball/master#egg=lxml-dev if you have\nan appropriate version of Cython installed.\n\n\nAfter an official release of a new stable series, bug fixes may become\navailable at\nhttps://github.com/lxml/lxml/tree/lxml-4.2 .\nRunning ``easy_install lxml==4.2bugfix`` will install\nthe unreleased branch state from\nhttps://github.com/lxml/lxml/tarball/lxml-4.2#egg=lxml-4.2bugfix\nas soon as a maintenance branch has been established.  Note that this\nrequires Cython to be installed at an appropriate version for the build.\n\n4.2.5 (2018-09-09)\n==================\n\nBugs fixed\n----------\n\n* Javascript URLs that used URL escaping were not removed by the HTML cleaner.\n  Security problem found by Omar Eissa.\n\n\n\n\n'

命令行替代方案是使用 yolk 。安装

$ pip install yolk3k

以上查询lxml有关摘要和说明，请使用 yolk :

$ yolk -M lxml -f summary,description
summary: Powerful and Pythonic XML processing library combining libxml2/libxslt with the ElementTree API.
description: lxml is a Pythonic, mature binding for the libxml2 and libxslt libraries.  It
provides safe and convenient access to these libraries using the ElementTree
API.

It extends the ElementTree API significantly to offer support for XPath,
RelaxNG, XML Schema, XSLT, C14N and much more.

...