MySQL 动态数据透视表

Question

我有一张这样的产品零件表:

零件

part_id      part_type      product_id
--------------------------------------
1            A              1
2            B              1
3            A              2
4            B              2
5            A              3
6            B              3

我想要一个将返回如下表的查询:

product_id      part_A_id      part_B_id
----------------------------------------
1               1              2
2               3              4
3               5              6

在其实际实现中会有数以百万计的产品部件

Answer 1

不幸的是，MySQL 没有PIVOT 函数，但您可以使用聚合函数和CASE 语句对其建模。对于动态版本，您将需要使用准备好的语句:

SET @sql = NULL;
SELECT
  GROUP_CONCAT(DISTINCT
    CONCAT(
      'max(case when part_type = ''',
      part_type,
      ''' then part_id end) AS part_',
      part_type, '_id'
    )
  ) INTO @sql
FROM
  parts;
SET @sql = CONCAT('SELECT product_id, ', @sql, ' 
                  FROM parts 
                   GROUP BY product_id');

PREPARE stmt FROM @sql;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;

参见 SQL Fiddle With Demo

如果您只有几列，那么您可以使用静态版本:

select product_id,
  max(case when part_type ='A' then part_id end) as Part_A_Id,
  max(case when part_type ='B' then part_id end) as Part_B_Id
from parts
group by product_id