python - Django:如何显示选项的名称而不是整数？

Question

我在制作这个网站时遇到了几个问题，这是最新的一个。我已经创建了这些选择字段，但是，只有数字显示在第一个字段中，第二个字段中显示数字，并且因为 question_type 链接到 Question 表，我添加到数据库中的问题显示而不是问题类型，其中只有两个问题类型应该显示。根据用户的选择，将显示一个仅供阅读的新页面，其中包含属于该特定主题的问题以及特定类型的问题。

这是models.py

    from django.db import models
    from home.choices import *

    # Create your models here.

    class Topic(models.Model):
        topic_name = models.IntegerField(
                        choices = question_topic_name_choices, default = 1)
        def __str__(self):
            return '%s' % self.topic_name

    class Image (models.Model):
        image_file = models.ImageField()

        def __str__(self):
            return '%s' % self.image_file

    class Question(models.Model):
        questions_type = models. IntegerField(
                        choices = questions_type_choices, default = 1)
        question_topic = models.ForeignKey(    'Topic',
                                        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                        blank=True,
                                        null=True)
        question_description = models.TextField()
        question_answer = models.ForeignKey(    'Answer',
                                        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                        blank=True,
                                        null=True)
        question_image = models.ForeignKey(    'Image',
                                        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                        blank=True,
                                        null=True)

        def __str__(self):
            return '%s' % self.question_type

    class Answer(models.Model):
        answer_description = models.TextField()
        answer_image = models.ForeignKey(    'Image',
                                        on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                        blank=True,
                                        null=True)

        def __str__(self):
            return '%s' % self.answer_description

这是forms.py

    from django import forms
    from betterforms.multiform import MultiModelForm
    from .models import Topic, Image, Question, Answer
    from .choices import questions_type_choices, question_topic_name_choices

    class TopicForm(forms.ModelForm):
        topic_name      =   forms.ModelChoiceField(
                        queryset = Topic.objects.all(),
                        widget = forms.Select(
                        attrs = {'class': 'home-select-one'}
                        ))

        class Meta:
            model = Topic
            fields = ['topic_name',]
            def __str__(self):
                return self.fields


    class QuestionForm(forms.ModelForm):
        questions_type =   forms.ModelChoiceField(
                        queryset = Question.objects.all(),
                        widget = forms.Select(
                        attrs = {'class': 'home-select-two'},
                        ))

        class Meta:
            model = Question
            fields = ['questions_type',]
            def __str__(self):
                return self.fields


    class QuizMultiForm(MultiModelForm):
        form_classes    =   {
                    'topics':TopicForm,
                    'questions':QuestionForm
        }
        def save(self, commit=True):
            objects = super(QuizMultiForm, self).save(commit=False)

            if commit:
                topic_name = objects['topic_name']
                topic_name.save()
                questions_type = objects['question_type']
                questions_type.topic_name = topic_name
                questions_type.save()
            return objects

这是choices.py

    question_topic_name_choices = (
        (1, ("Topic #1: Measurements and Uncertainties")),
        (2, ("Topic #2: Mechanics")),
        (3, ("Topic #3: Thermal Physics")),
        (4, ("Topic #4: Waves")),
        (5, ("Topic #5: Electricity and Magnetism")),
        (6, ("Topic #6: Circular Motion and Gravitation")),
        (7, ("Topic #7: Atomic, Nuclear and Particle Physics")),
        (8, ("Topic #8: Energy Production")),
        (9, ("Topic #9: Wave Phenomena (HL Only)")),
        (10, ("Topic #10: Fields (HL Only)")),
        (11, ("Topic #11: Electromagnetic Induction (HL Only)")),
        (12, ("Topic #12: Quantum and Nuclear Physics (HL Only)")),
        (13, ("Option A: Relativity")),
        (14, ("Option B: Engineering Physics")),
        (15, ("Option C: Imaging")),
        (16, ("Option D: Astrophysics"))
            )

    questions_type_choices = (
        (1, "Multiple Choice Questions"),
        (2, "Problem Solving Questions"))

这是views.py

    from django.shortcuts import render, render_to_response
    from django.views.generic import CreateView
    from home.models import Topic, Image, Question, Answer
    from home.forms import QuizMultiForm



    def QuizView(request):
        if request.method == "POST":
            form = QuizMultiForm(request.POST)
            if form.is_valid():
                pass
        else:
            form = QuizMultiForm()
        return render(request, "index.html", {'form': form})

谢谢!

Answer 1

问题是您将查询集作为 formChoiceField 传递，这很好，但会填充为数据库级别字段值。在您的情况下，这些是整数值。一种选择是您可以将元组选择作为 formChoices 传递，django 将自行处理所有内容。在你的 form.py

 class TopicForm(forms.ModelForm):
        topic_name      =   forms.ChoiceField(choices=question_topic_name_choices)
        class Meta:
            model = Topic
            fields = ['topic_name',]



    class QuestionForm(forms.ModelForm):
        questions_type =  forms.ChoiceField(choices= questions_type_choices)

        class Meta:
            model = Question
            fields = ['questions_type',]

或者您可以将数据库选择字段从整数字段更改为字符并存储人类可读的选择名称。