python - 如何测试django中的编辑功能？ (错误 django.db.utils.IntegrityError : NOT NULL constraint failed)

Question

我尝试编写用于编辑记录及其单元测试的代码。这是我的代码: test_view.py

def test_edit_address(self):
    address1 = Address.objects.create(first_name='Edith', last_name='Star', address='Some City', phone_number='123455')
    response = self.client.post(
        reverse('edit', kwargs={'address_id': address1.id}), 
        {'first_name': 'Patrick', 'last_name': 'Stars', 'address': 'Other City', 'phone_number': '0123455'})
    self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 302)
    address1.refresh_from_db()
    self.assertEqual(address1.first_name, 'Patrick')

View .py

from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import redirect, render
from addressbooksapp.models import Address
from django.contrib import messages

def edit(request, address_id):

  if  request.method == 'POST':
    addresses = Address.objects.get(pk=address_id)

    addresses.first_name = request.POST.get('firstname_text')
    addresses.last_name = request.POST.get('lastname_text')
    addresses.address = request.POST.get('address_text')
    addresses.phone_number = request.POST.get('phone_text')

    addresses.save()
    messages.success(request, ('Record Has Been Edited!'))
    return redirect('home')

  else:
    addresses = Address.objects.get(pk=address_id) 
    return render(request, 'edit.html', {'addresses': addresses})

models.py

from django.db import models

class Address(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    address = models.TextField()
    phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=200)

urls.py

from django.urls import path
from addressbooksapp import views

urlpatterns = [
     path('', views.home_page, name='home'),
     path('delete/<address_id>',views.delete, name='delete'),
     path('edit/<address_id>',views.edit, name='edit'),
]

但是当运行测试时，我收到错误“django.db.utils.IntegrityError:NOT NULL 约束失败:addressbooksapp_address.first_name”

Answer 1

您在测试中发送的数据与您在 View 中处理的数据不匹配。在测试中，您发送一个以 first_name、last_name、address 和 phone_number 作为键的请求。但在 View 中，您使用 firstname_text、lastname_text、address_text 和 phone_text 处理数据。

您可以更改名称，例如在 View 中使用:

def edit(request, address_id):

  if  request.method == 'POST':
    addresses = Address.objects.get(pk=address_id)

    addresses.first_name = request.<b>POST['first_name']</b>
    addresses.last_name = request.<b>POST['last_name']</b>
    addresses.address = request.<b>POST['address']</b>
    addresses.phone_number = request.<b>POST['phone_number']</b>

    addresses.save()
    messages.success(request, ('Record Has Been Edited!'))
    return redirect('home')

  else:
    addresses = Address.objects.get(pk=address_id) 
    return render(request, 'edit.html', {'addresses': addresses})

我建议在这里使用下标，因此 POST[key] 而不是使用 .get() 方法，因为这样如果 key 会引发错误丢失了。