我在保存 View 和表单集方面遇到了最困难的时期。我开始意识到 View 是我在 Django 中的弱点。过去几个月我一直在致力于这个工作并编写和重写代码。我知道这是最好的学习方式。幸运的是，我的团队给了我这个项目供我学习。但我还是不知道我错在哪里。
如果这里有人看到我的错误或指出我正确的方向，我将不胜感激。我正在寻找最好的资源来在这个领域变得更强。
这是我的观点:
from django.conf import settings
from django.views.generic import View
from django.views.generic import TemplateView
from django.shortcuts import render
from itertools import chain
from .models import *
from .forms import *
from .emailtemplates import OrderFormNotification
class OrderFormProcessor(object):
def __init__(self, contact=None, contact_form_class=ContactForm,
letterhead_form_class=LetterHeadFormSet,
windowenv_form_class=WindowEnvFormSet,
numbertenenv_form_class=NumberTenEnvFormSet,
ninebytwelveenv_form_class=NineByTwelveEnvFormSet,
tenbythirteenenv_form_class=TenByThirteenEnvFormSet,
businesscard_form_class=BusinessCardFormSet,
send_notification=False):
self.contact_form_class = contact_form_class
self.letterhead_form_class = letterhead_form_class
self.windowenv_form_class = windowenv_form_class
self.numbertenenv_form_class = numbertenenv_form_class
self.ninebytwelveenv_form_class = ninebytwelveenv_form_class
self.tenbythirteenenv_form_class = tenbythirteenenv_form_class
self.businesscard_form_class = businesscard_form_class
self.send_notification = send_notification
self.contact = contact
def process(self, request, context=None):
if not context:
context = {}
contact = self.contact
data = request.POST or None
contact_form = self.contact_form_class(data,
instance=contact)
forms = dict(
contact_form=contact_form,
)
formsets = dict(
letterhead_formset=self.letterhead_form_class(data, prefix='letterhead_'),
windowenv_formset=self.windowenv_form_class(data, prefix='windowenv_'),
numbertenenv_formset=self.numbertenenv_form_class(data, prefix='numbertenenv_'),
ninebytwelveenv_formset=self.ninebytwelveenv_form_class(data, prefix='ninebytwelveenv_'),
tenbythirteenenv_formset=self.tenbythirteenenv_form_class(data, prefix='tenbythirteenenv_'),
businesscard_formset=self.businesscard_form_class(data, prefix='businesscard_'),
)
if request.method == 'POST':
form_is_valid = all([f.is_valid() for f in forms.values() + \
formsets.values()])
if form_is_valid:
contact = forms['contact_form'].save(commit=False)
contact.letterhead_form = formsets['letterhead_formset'].save()
contact.windowenv_form = formsets['windowenv_formset'].save()
contact.numbertenenv_form = formsets['numbertenenv_formset'].save()
contact.ninebytwelveenv_form = formsets['ninebytwelveenv_formset'].save()
contact.tenbythirteenenv_form = formsets['tenbythirteenenv_formset'].save()
contact.businesscard_form = formsets['businesscard_formset'].save()
contact.save()
if self.send_notification:
email = OrderFormNotification(to=[settings.NO_REPLY_EMAIL_ADDRESS],
extra_context=data)
email.send()
else:
pass
all_forms = chain(forms.values(), chain.from_iterable(formsets.values()))
context = context.copy()
context.update(forms.items() + formsets.items())
context.update(
error_list=list(chain.from_iterable([form.errors.values() for form in all_forms])),
)
return (forms, formsets), context
class OrderFormView(View):
template_name = 'orderform.html'
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
processor = OrderFormProcessor(send_notification=True)
(forms, formsets), context = processor.process(request)
return render(request, self.template_name, context)
class ThankYou(TemplateView):
template_name = 'thank-you.html'
这是我的表格:
from django import forms
from django.forms import ModelForm, extras
from django.forms.models import modelformset_factory
from django.contrib.localflavor import us
from django.forms.widgets import RadioSelect, CheckboxSelectMultiple
from .models import *
class ContactForm(forms.ModelForm):
address = forms.ChoiceField(required = True, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES,)
class Meta:
model = Contact
class LetterHeadForm(forms.ModelForm):
address = forms.ChoiceField(required = False, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
class Meta:
model = LetterHead
widgets = {
'contact': forms.HiddenInput,
'quantity': forms.Select(choices=QUANTITY_CHOICES),
}
class WindowEnvForm(forms.ModelForm):
address = forms.ChoiceField(required = False, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
class Meta:
model = WindowEnv
widgets = {
'contact': forms.HiddenInput,
'quantity': forms.Select(choices=QUANTITY_CHOICES),
}
class NumberTenEnvForm(forms.ModelForm):
address = forms.ChoiceField(required = False, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
class Meta:
model = NumberTenEnv
widgets = {
'contact': forms.HiddenInput,
'quantity': forms.Select(choices=QUANTITY_CHOICES),
}
class NineByTwelveEnvForm(forms.ModelForm):
address = forms.ChoiceField(required = False, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
class Meta:
model = NineByTwelveEnv
widgets = {
'contact': forms.HiddenInput,
'quantity': forms.Select(choices=QUANTITY_CHOICES),
}
class TenByThirteenEnvForm(forms.ModelForm):
address = forms.ChoiceField(required = False, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
class Meta:
model = TenByThirteenEnv
widgets = {
'contact': forms.HiddenInput,
'quantity': forms.Select(choices=QUANTITY_CHOICES),
}
class BusinessCardForm(forms.ModelForm):
print_choices = forms.ChoiceField(required = True, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=PRINT_CHOICES)
card_styles = forms.ChoiceField(required = True, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=CARD_CHOICES)
card_mailing_address = forms.ChoiceField(required = True, widget=RadioSelect(), choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
class Meta:
model = BusinessCard
widgets = {
'contact': forms.HiddenInput,
}
class RushOrderForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = RushOrder
widgets = {
'contact': forms.HiddenInput,
'rush_order': forms.CheckboxInput,
'in_hand_date': forms.extras.SelectDateWidget
}
class OrderNoteForm(forms.ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = OrderNote
widgets = {
'contact': forms.HiddenInput,
'add_note': forms.CheckboxInput,
'notes': forms.Textarea
}
LetterHeadFormSet = modelformset_factory(LetterHead,
form=LetterHeadForm, extra=2, max_num=2)
WindowEnvFormSet = modelformset_factory(WindowEnv,
form=WindowEnvForm, extra=2, max_num=2)
NumberTenEnvFormSet = modelformset_factory(NumberTenEnv,
form=NumberTenEnvForm, extra=2, max_num=2)
NineByTwelveEnvFormSet = modelformset_factory(NineByTwelveEnv,
form=NineByTwelveEnvForm, extra=2, max_num=2)
TenByThirteenEnvFormSet = modelformset_factory(TenByThirteenEnv,
form=TenByThirteenEnvForm, extra=2, max_num=2)
BusinessCardFormSet = modelformset_factory(BusinessCard,
form=BusinessCardForm, extra=2, max_num=2)
以下是模型:
from django.db import models
from django.forms import ModelForm
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.contrib.localflavor.us.models import PhoneNumberField
PRINT_CHOICES = (
('exact reprint', 'Exact Reprint'),
('reprint with changes', 'Reprint With Changes'),
('new', 'New')
)
QUANTITY_CHOICES = (
('1000', '1000'),
('2500', '2500'),
('5000', '5000')
)
CARD_QUANTITY_CHOICES = (
('250', '250'),
('500', '500'),
('1000', '1000')
)
CARD_CHOICES = (
('chef/black', 'Chef/Black'),
('executive/red', 'Executive/Red')
)
ADDRESS_CHOICES = (
('eisenhower', 'Eisenhower'),
('wheeler', 'Wheeler'),
)
class Contact(models.Model):
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, help_text="First Name")
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=100, help_text="Last Name")
email_address = models.EmailField(max_length=275)
address = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
def __unicode__(self):
return "%s %s" % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
class BaseStationary(models.Model):
contact = models.ForeignKey(Contact, related_name='%(class)s_related')
address = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
quantity = models.CharField(max_length=4, choices=QUANTITY_CHOICES)
class Meta:
abstract = True
class LetterHead(BaseStationary):
pass
class WindowEnv(BaseStationary):
pass
class NumberTenEnv(BaseStationary):
pass
class NineByTwelveEnv(BaseStationary):
pass
class TenByThirteenEnv(BaseStationary):
pass
class BusinessCard(models.Model):
contact = models.ForeignKey(Contact, related_name='businesscards')
card_first_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
card_last_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
print_choices = models.CharField(max_length=19, choices=PRINT_CHOICES)
card_styles = models.CharField(max_length=12, choices=CARD_CHOICES)
card_email_address = models.EmailField(max_length=275)
office_phone_number = PhoneNumberField(_('main office phone number'),
blank=True, null=True)
toll_free_number = PhoneNumberField(_('toll free number'),
blank=True, null=True)
mobile_number = PhoneNumberField(_('mobile phone number'),
blank=True, null=True)
fax_number = PhoneNumberField(_('main office fax'),
blank=True, null=True)
card_mailing_address = models.CharField(max_length=10,
choices=ADDRESS_CHOICES)
card_quantity = models.CharField(max_length=3,
choices=CARD_QUANTITY_CHOICES)
class RushOrder(models.Model):
contact = models.ForeignKey(Contact, related_name='rushorders')
rush_order = models.BooleanField()
in_hand_date = models.DateField(blank=True, null=True)
class OrderNote(models.Model):
contact = models.ForeignKey(Contact, related_name='ordernotes')
add_note = models.BooleanField()
notes = models.TextField()
因此，我再次尝试做的是将这些表单集保存到数据库中，这样管理员将保存固定订单以用于打印目的。
最佳答案
由于您是来这里学习的，并且您的代码非常复杂(我需要所有重现您的问题所需的代码，其中包括模型)，因此我不会回答通过代码修复。
相反，您将学习如何使用调试器，这将修复“我仍然不知道哪里出了问题”。
安装ipdb，因为它比仅仅pdb更方便，
pip install ipdb。设置断点，在你看来，添加这行
import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace().在开发服务器中运行代码，开发服务器应在断点处暂停，并显示其暂停处的代码。
了解ipdb，输入“h”，它会显示一个命令列表，尝试阅读每个命令的文档，你也可以查看this article其中包括一个视频。
单步执行代码，通过在调试器中键入“n”，解释器应移动到下一行代码，“d”进入，“u”进入out 等...您可以随时从提示符处执行 Python。
你会知道Python到底在做什么，修复“我仍然不知道我哪里出了问题”。而且，你会成为一个无敌的程序员(或者类似的东西哈哈哈)
关于python - 我的 View 和表单集保存时遇到问题，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12112172/