python 生成关键字的直方图/帕累托图

Question

我有一个巨大的单词列表，例如['abc', 'def', 'python', 'abc', 'python', ...]

1. 如何生成可以绘制成直方图/帕累托图的列表/字典，例如: {'python': 10, 'abc': 8, 'def': 2,...}

2. 此外，什么是合适的图表库来可视化上述单词出现率从高到低排序？

Answer 1

collections.Counter提供了一种方便且相对快速的方法来创建像您展示的那样的字典:

from collections import Counter

x = ['spam', 'ham', 'eggs', 'ham', 'chips', 'eggs',  'spam', 'spam', 'spam']

counts = Counter(x)
print(counts)
# Counter({'spam': 4, 'eggs': 2, 'ham': 2, 'chips': 1})

要可视化计数，您可以使用 matplotlib条形图:

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

# sort counts in descending order
labels, heights = zip(*sorted(((k, v) for k, v in counts.items()), reverse=True))

# lefthand edge of each bar
left = np.arange(len(heights))

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1)
ax.bar(left, heights, 1)
ax.set_xticks(left + 0.5)
ax.set_xticklabels(labels,  fontsize='large')