python - lxml 和 CDATA 和 &

Question

我有一个包含 CDATA 的 XML，其中有一些带有 URL 的标记，其中包含 & 符号。我应该使用 lxml 来读取这些标签，但出现错误。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "src\lxml\lxml.etree.pyx", line 3228, in lxml.etree.fromstring (src\lxml\lxml.etree.c:79593)
  File "src\lxml\parser.pxi", line 1848, in lxml.etree._parseMemoryDocument (src\lxml\lxml.etree.c:119112)
  File "src\lxml\parser.pxi", line 1729, in lxml.etree._parseDoc (src\lxml\lxml.etree.c:117670)
  File "src\lxml\parser.pxi", line 1063, in lxml.etree._BaseParser._parseUnicodeDoc (src\lxml\lxml.etree.c:111657)
  File "src\lxml\parser.pxi", line 595, in lxml.etree._ParserContext._handleParseResultDoc (src\lxml\lxml.etree.c:105880)
  File "src\lxml\parser.pxi", line 706, in lxml.etree._handleParseResult (src\lxml\lxml.etree.c:107588)
  File "src\lxml\parser.pxi", line 635, in lxml.etree._raiseParseError (src\lxml\lxml.etree.c:106442)
  File "<string>", line 9
lxml.etree.XMLSyntaxError: EntityRef: expecting ';', line 9, column 98

我怎样才能克服这个错误？我做对了吗？我们需要用什么东西来代替 & 吗？

代码如下

from lxml import etree
ns0_NAMESPACE = "http://webservices.online.webapp.paperless.cl"
ns0 = "{%s}" % ns0_NAMESPACE
NSMAP = {'ns0':ns0_NAMESPACE}

response="""
<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
    <soapenv:Body>
    <ns:OnlineGeneration2Response xmlns:ns="http://webservices.online.webapp.cl">
        <ns:return>
            <![CDATA[<EstadoDoc>
            <Estado>Ok<Estado>
            <RutEmisor>81201000-K</RutEmisor>
            <TipoDte>52</TipoDte>
            <FolioM>117620901</FolioM>
            <Folio>25022</Folio>
            <Glosa>NO INFORMADO</Glosa>
            <UrlDte>http://G500603svGLH:8080/Facturacion/XMLServlet?docId=&uR1v4VhQHvkPrUZDtY6hMg==</UrlDte>
            </EstadoDoc>
            <EstadoLote>
                <UrlPdf>http://G500603svGLH:8080/Facturacion/PDFServlet?docId=uR1v4VhQHvmQJLl22c1DFOLW3c4qbQ47</UrlPdf>
                <UrlCaratula>http://G500603svGLH:8080/Facturacion/XMLServlet?docId=&uR1v4VhQHvmQJLl22c1DFOLW3c4qbQ47</UrlCaratula>
            </EstadoLote>]]>
        </ns:return>
    </ns:OnlineGeneration2Response>
    </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>"""
root=etree.fromstring(response)
sub_element=root.xpath('//ns0:return',namespaces=NSMAP)
print sub_element.text
if sub_element:
    sub_element=sub_element[0]
EstadoDoc_root=etree.fromstring(sub_element.text)

Answer 1

使用 XML 解析器的恢复选项:

parser = etree.XMLParser(recover=True)

EstadoDoc_root = etree.fromstring(sub_element.text, parser=parser)

然后获取 URL(或将其更改为您需要的任何内容):

print [x.text for x in EstadoDoc_root.xpath('//UrlCaratula|//UrlPdf')]

['http://G500603svGLH:8080/Facturacion/PDFServlet?docId=uR1v4VhQHvmQJLl22c1DFOLW3c4qbQ47',
 'http://G500603svGLH:8080/Facturacion/XMLServlet?docId=']

The second URL is missing the portion of the URL that comes after & ... Is there a way to avoid this?

使用html解析器规范化并处理违规字符(注意小写标签)

from lxml import html
EstadoDoc_root = html.fromstring(sub_element)

print [x.text for x in EstadoDoc_root.xpath('//urlcaratula|//urlpdf')]

['http://G500603svGLH:8080/Facturacion/PDFServlet?docId=uR1v4VhQHvmQJLl22c1DFOLW3c4qbQ47',
 'http://G500603svGLH:8080/Facturacion/XMLServlet?docId=&uR1v4VhQHvmQJLl22c1DFOLW3c4qbQ47']