python - 用python合并复杂矩阵

Question

我有一个复杂的矩阵，如下所示:

[[ ['x', '1', '2', '3', '4'],
   ['y', '5', '6', '7', '8']],

 [ ['x', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'],
   ['y', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h']  ] ]

我想把它变成这样:

['x', '1a', '2b', '3c', '4d'],
['y', '5e', '6f', '7g', '8h']

我绞尽脑汁，却没能得到结果。另外，即使我只有两组嵌套的 5 项长列表，理论上我想解决无限多个相同大小的组的问题。

Answer 1

您可以在此处使用dict:

>>> from operator import add
>>> lis = [[ ['x', '1', '2', '3', '4'],
   ['y', '5', '6', '7', '8']],
 [ ['x', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'],
   ['y', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h']  ] ]
>>> dic = {}
for item in lis:
    for x in item:
        k, v = x[0], x[1:]
        if k in dic:
            dic[k] = map(add, dic[k], v)
        else:
            dic[k] = v
...             
>>> dic
{'y': ['5e', '6f', '7g', '8h'], 'x': ['1a', '2b', '3c', '4d']}
#list of lists
>>> [[k] + v for k, v in dic.iteritems()]
[['y', '5e', '6f', '7g', '8h'], ['x', '1a', '2b', '3c', '4d']]

使用 zip、reduce 和列表理解的另一个解决方案:

>>> from operator import add
>>> def func(x, y):
...     return map(add, x, y[1:])

>>> [[item[0][0]] + reduce(func, item[1:], item[0][1:])  for item in zip(*lis)]
[['x', '1a', '2b', '3c', '4d'], ['y', '5e', '6f', '7g', '8h']]