python - 列表到词典

Question

基本上我有一个这样的列表:

['  ROOT S . ', '  ROOT S ! ', '  ROOT is it true that S ? ', ' ', '  S   NP VP ', '  VP  Verb NP ', '  NP DT Noun ', '  NP NP PP ', '  PP Prep NP ', '  Noun Adj Noun ', ' ', '  Verb ate ', '  Verb wanted ', '  Verb kissed ', '  Verb understood ', '  Verb pickled ', ' ', '  DT the ', '  DT a ', '  DT  every ', ' ', '  Noun president ', '  Noun sandwich ', '  Noun pickle ', '  Noun chief of staff ', '  Noun floor ', ' ', '  Adj fine ', '  Adj delicious ', '  Adj perplexed ', '  Adj pickled ', ' ', '  Prep    with ', '  Prep on ', '  Prep under ', '  Prep    in '] 

我想将第一个值与每个条目的其余部分分开，并将其放入字典中，例如列表中的第一个值将输入到字典行中:

Key=ROOT
Value=S .

如果有多个相同类型的ID，请用|分隔它们。 这就是我喜欢的字典的样子

ROOT = 'S . | S ! | is it true that S ?',
S  = 'NP VP',
VP = 'Verb NP',
NP = 'DT Noun | NP PP',
PP = 'Prep NP',
Noun = 'Adj Noun | president | sandwich | pickle | chief of staff | floor',
DT = 'the | a | every',
Verb  = 'ate | wanted | kissed | understood | pickled',
Adj = 'fine | delicious | perplexed | pickled',
Prep = 'with | on | under | in'

有没有办法在不使用外部库的情况下做到这一点？ 谢谢

Answer 1

不使用任何库或模块:

x = ['  ROOT S . ', '  ROOT S ! ', '  ROOT is it true that S ? ', ' ', '  S   NP VP ', '  VP  Verb NP ', '  NP DT Noun ', '  NP NP PP ', '  PP Prep NP ', '  Noun Adj Noun ', ' ', '  Verb ate ', '  Verb wanted ', '  Verb kissed ', '  Verb understood ', '  Verb pickled ', ' ', '  DT the ', '  DT a ', '  DT  every ', ' ', '  Noun president ', '  Noun sandwich ', '  Noun pickle ', '  Noun chief of staff ', '  Noun floor ', ' ', '  Adj fine ', '  Adj delicious ', '  Adj perplexed ', '  Adj pickled ', ' ', '  Prep    with ', '  Prep on ', '  Prep under ', '  Prep    in ']

d = {}
for k, v in (s.lstrip().split(' ',1) for s in x if ' ' in s.lstrip()):
    if k in d:
        d[k]+='|' + v
    else:
        d[k]=v

这会生成字典:

{'Adj': 'fine |delicious |perplexed |pickled ',
 'DT': 'the |a | every ',
 'NP': 'DT Noun |NP PP ',
 'Noun': 'Adj Noun |president |sandwich |pickle |chief of staff |floor ',
 'PP': 'Prep NP ',
 'Prep': '   with |on |under |   in ',
 'ROOT': 'S . |S ! |is it true that S ? ',
 'S': '  NP VP ',
 'VP': ' Verb NP ',
 'Verb': 'ate |wanted |kissed |understood |pickled '}

它是如何工作的

这会初始化一个空字典:

d = {}

这将开始循环遍历列表x中的所有项目:

for k, v in (s.lstrip().split(' ',1) for s in x if ' ' in s.lstrip()):

此列表生成器具有以下形式

(function(s) for s in x if condition(s))

因此，它依次从列表 x 中提取每个字符串 s。字符串 s 将被忽略，除非它们传递条件，在我们的例子中是:' ' in s.lstrip()。此条件只是确保 s 中的第一个单词后至少有一个空格。换句话说，这会删除格式错误或空的条目。

生成器使用以下方法返回键和值:s.lstrip().split(' ',1)。这会从 s 中提取第一个单词作为键，而该单词之后剩下的就是值。

以下内容将找到的项目添加到字典中:

    if k in d:
        d[k]+='|' + v
    else:
        d[k]=v