python - Django 当我使用基于类的 View 时，如何在表单中传递 request.user(当前登录用户)？

Question

我想传递 request.user 以使用 ModelMultipleChoiceField 以表单形式显示当前用户。感谢这里我可以找出我的问题https://stackoverflow.com/a/25184373/6568309 。我修复了我的代码，如下所示。

但我只能通过基于函数的 View 获得解决方案。好吧，我继续使用基于类的 View ，因为我可以使用通用 View ，并且首先推荐它。 是否可以像下面这样使用基于类的 View (使用 FormView 或 ModelFormView)传递 request.user ？另外，在 Django 中混合基于函数的 View 和基于类的 View 来满足您的需求是正常的吗？

提前谢谢您。

表单.py

class CustomForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField(initial='testname',max_length=150)
    email = forms.EmailField()
    phone_number = forms.CharField(max_length=15)
    position = forms.CharField(max_length=15)
    uperall = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(queryset=None)

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        user = kwargs.pop('user', None)
        super(CustomForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.fields['uperall'].queryset = User.objects.filter(username=user.username)

url.py

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', UserList.as_view(), name='index'),
    url(r'^create/$', UserCreate.as_view(), name='create'),
    url(r'^test/$', TestView.as_view(), name='test'),
    url(r'^test1/$', views.ftestview, name='test1'),
]

View .py

def ftestview(request):
    if request.method == 'POST':

    form = CustomForm(request.POST, user=request.user)

    if form.is_valid():
        username = form.cleaned_data['username']
        email = form.cleaned_data['email']
        phone_number = form.cleaned_data['phone_number']
        position = form.cleaned_data['position']

        with transaction.atomic():
            user = User.objects.create(username=username,email=email)
            userinfo = UserInfo.objects.create(user=user,phone=phone_number,position=position)
            userinfo.save()
            user.save()

        return HttpResponseRedirect('/success')

else:
    form = CustomForm(user=request.user)

return render(request, 'manager/alltoall.html', { 'form': form })

谢天谢地，根据莱维的回答。我改变了我的代码，如下所示

View .py

class TestView(FormView):
    form_class = CustomForm
    template_name = 'manager/alltoall.html'

    def get_form_kwargs(self):
        user = self.request.user
        form_kwargs = super(TestView, self).get_form_kwargs()
        form_kwargs.update({'initial': {'uperall': User.objects.filter(username=user.username)}})
        return form_kwargs

    def form_valid(self, form):
        username = form.cleaned_data['username']
        email = form.cleaned_data['email']
        phone_number = form.cleaned_data['phone_number']
        position = form.cleaned_data['position']

        with transaction.atomic():
            user = User.objects.create(username=username,email=email)
            userinfo = UserInfo.objects.create(user=user,phone=phone_number,position=position)
            userinfo.save()
            user.save()

        return super(TestView, self).form_valid(form)

但是我遇到了如下错误。

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/manager/test/

Django Version: 1.10.1
Python Version: 3.4.3
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'manager.apps.ManagerConfig',
 'mptt']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']


Template error:
In template C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\apa\manager\templates\manager\alltoall.html, error at line 9
   'NoneType' object has no attribute 'all'   1 : <select multiple="multiple" data-field-name="groups">
   2 :     <option value="volvo">Volvo</option>
   3 :     <option value="hyundai">Hyundai</option>
   4 : </select>
   5 : 
   6 : <form action="." method="post">
   7 :  {% csrf_token %}
   8 :  <table>
   9 :   {{ form }} 
   10 :     </table>
   11 :     <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
   12 : </form>

Traceback:

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py" in inner
  39.             response = get_response(request)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py" in _get_response
  217.                 response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py" in _get_response
  215.                 response = response.render()

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\response.py" in render
  109.             self.content = self.rendered_content

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\response.py" in rendered_content
  86.         content = template.render(context, self._request)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\backends\django.py" in render
  66.             return self.template.render(context)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
  208.                     return self._render(context)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in _render
  199.         return self.nodelist.render(context)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
  994.                 bit = node.render_annotated(context)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render_annotated
  961.             return self.render(context)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render
  1050.         return render_value_in_context(output, context)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py" in render_value_in_context
  1028.     value = force_text(value)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\encoding.py" in force_text
  76.                     s = six.text_type(s)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\html.py" in <lambda>
  391.         klass.__str__ = lambda self: mark_safe(klass_str(self))

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\forms.py" in __str__
  123.         return self.as_table()

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\forms.py" in as_table
  271.             errors_on_separate_row=False)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\forms.py" in _html_output
  226.                     'field': six.text_type(bf),

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\utils\html.py" in <lambda>
  391.         klass.__str__ = lambda self: mark_safe(klass_str(self))

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\boundfield.py" in __str__
  43.         return self.as_widget()

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\boundfield.py" in as_widget
  101.         return force_text(widget.render(name, self.value(), attrs=attrs))

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py" in render
  610.         options = self.render_options(value)

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\widgets.py" in render_options
  560.         for option_value, option_label in self.choices:

File "C:\Users\Jaemyun\django_real\apa\myenv\lib\site-packages\django\forms\models.py" in __iter__
  1114.         queryset = self.queryset.all()

Exception Type: AttributeError at /manager/test/
Exception Value: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'all'

Answer 1

您可以覆盖 FormView 类 View 中的 get_form_kwargs 方法，以便为表单设置初始数据。

class YouFormView(FormView):
    teplate_name = 'your template'
    form_class = YourForm


    def get_form_kwargs(self):
        user = self.request.user
        form_kwargs = super(YouFormView, self).get_form_kwargs()
        form_kwargs.update({
            'initial': {
                'uperall': User.objects.filter(username=user.username)
            }
        })
        return form_kwargs

关于混合 View :我建议坚持使用基于类的 View 。