我正在尝试用 C 语言编写一个程序,该程序从用户那里获取未知数量的字符串(每个字符串的大小未知)作为输入并存储它们,然后在用户完成输入字符串时打印它们。
首先,我使用一个指向字符指针(char** 字符串)的指针,并使用 malloc 为其分配 1 个 char* 大小的内存块。然后,我也使用 malloc 将 1 个 char 大小的 block 分配给 strings 指向的指针( (strings) )。从那里,我使用名为 get_String() 的用户定义函数获取用户输入的字符串,并将其放入 char* string 指向的 char 指针中。然后,我使用 for 循环继续将额外的 char* 内存分配给 char** 字符串,并将 1 个 char 内存分配给新指针。
但是,我在 for 循环的第二次迭代中,在 strings = (char**) realloc (strings, index+1); 行上不断遇到错误。我收到错误消息: Heap block at 00558068 modded at 00558096 Past request size of 26. 似乎我正在将分配的内存写入 char** 字符串,但我不知道在哪里或如何执行此操作。
这是我的完整代码:
#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
void get_strings( char* strings); // function to take in a string of an unknown size
int main( void )
{
char** strings;
int index, count;
(strings) = (char**) malloc( sizeof(char*)); // this is the pointer that holds the addresses of all the strings
*strings = (char*) malloc( sizeof(char)); // the address of the first string
printf( "Enter a list of stringss. Quit by pressing enter without entering anything\n" );
get_strings( *strings );
for( index = 1; strlen(*(strings+index-1))!=1; index++) // stores strings from the user until they enter a blank line which is detected when string length is 1 for the \n
{
strings = (char**) realloc (strings, index+1); // adds an extra character pointer for another string
*(strings + index) = (char*) malloc(sizeof(char)); // allocates memory to the new character pointer
get_strings( *(strings + index) ); // stores the string from the user
}
printf( "You entered:\n" );
for( count = 0; strlen(*(strings + count)) != 1; count++ ) //prints every string entered by the user except for the terminating blank line
{
printf( "%s", *(strings + count ) );
free( *(strings + count ));
}
free( strings );
system( "PAUSE" );
return 0;
}
void get_strings( char* strings )
{
fgets( strings, 1, stdin );
while( strings[ strlen( strings ) - 1 ] != '\n' )
{
strings = (char*) realloc( strings, strlen(strings)+2 );
fgets( strings + strlen(strings), 2, stdin );
}
}
如前所述,堆 block 发生在执行以下行时 for 循环的第二次迭代: strings = (char**) realloc (strings, index+1);
for( index = 1; strlen(*(strings+index-1))!=1; index++) // stores strings from the user until they enter a blank line which is detected when string length is 1 for the \n
{
strings = (char**) realloc (strings, index+1); // error occurs here
*(strings + index) = (char*) malloc(sizeof(char)); // allocates memory to the new character pointer
如果有人可以向我解释此错误的原因以及修复它的方向,我将非常感激。谢谢。
最佳答案
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
char *get_strings(void);
int main( void ){
char **strings = NULL;
char *string;
int index, count;
printf( "Enter a list of stringss. Quit by pressing enter without entering anything\n" );
for(index = 0; string = get_strings(); ++index){
strings = (char**) realloc (strings, (index+1)*sizeof(*strings));
strings[index] = string;
}
printf( "You entered:\n" );
for( count = 0; count < index; ++count ){
printf("%s\n", strings[count]);
free( strings[count] );
}
free( strings );
system( "PAUSE" );
return 0;
}
char *get_strings(void){
char *string = NULL;//or calloc(1,sizeof(char)) for return "" (test by caller: *string == '\0')
int ch;
size_t len = 0;
while(EOF != (ch=fgetc(stdin)) && ch != '\n' ) {
string = (char*)realloc( string, len + 2);//To realloc to each character is inefficient
string[len++] = ch;
}
if(string)
string[len] = '\0';
return string;//The value is NULL when there is no input substantial.
}
关于存储来自用户的未知数量、未知大小的字符串的 C 程序 - 00558068 处的堆 block 在 00558096 处修改,过去请求的大小为 26,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24593684/