我是 openGL 新手
我在 LWJGL 上创建了这个天空盒,但它是全黑的
SkyboxRenderer 类:
private static String[] TEXTURE_FILES = {"right","left","bottom","back","front"};
private RawModel cube;
private int texture;
private SkyboxShader shader;
public SkyboxRenderer(Loader loader, Matrix4f projectionMatirx) {
cube = loader.loadToVAO(VERTICES, 3);
texture = loader.loadCubeMap(TEXTURE_FILES);
shader = new SkyboxShader();
shader.start();
shader.loadProjectionMatrix(projectionMatirx);
shader.stop();
}
public void render(Camera camera){
shader.start();
shader.loadViewMatrix(camera);
GL30.glBindVertexArray(cube.getVaoID());
GL20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL13.glActiveTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
GL11.glBindTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, texture);
GL11.glDrawArrays(GL11.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, cube.getVertexCount());
GL20.glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
GL30.glBindVertexArray(0);
shader.stop();
}
加载器loadCubeMap函数:
public int loadCubeMap(String[] textureFiles){
int texID = GL11.glGenTextures();
GL13.glActiveTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE0);
GL11.glBindTexture(GL13.GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, texID);
for(int i = 0; i < textureFiles.length;i++){
TextureData data = decodeTextureFile("res/" + textureFiles[i] + ".png");
GL11.glTexImage2D(GL13.GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, 0, GL11.GL_RGBA, data.getWidth(), data.getHeight(), 0, GL11.GL_RGBA,
GL11.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data.getBuffer());
}
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL13.GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL11.GL_LINEAR);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL13.GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL11.GL_LINEAR);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL13.GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
GL11.glTexParameteri(GL13.GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP, GL11.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
textures.add(texID);
return texID;
}
private TextureData decodeTextureFile(String fileName) {
int width = 0;
int height = 0;
ByteBuffer buffer = null;
try {
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(fileName);
PNGDecoder decoder = new PNGDecoder(in);
width = decoder.getWidth();
height = decoder.getHeight();
buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(4 * width * height);
decoder.decode(buffer, width * 4, Format.RGBA);
buffer.flip();
in.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("Tried to load texture " + fileName + ", didn't work");
System.exit(-1);
}
return new TextureData(buffer, width, height);
}
纹理存在,但天空盒是全黑的有人可以帮助我吗! 我该如何修复它
我需要添加更多详细信息以便发布,因为代码太多......
天空盒着色器:
公共(public)类 SkyboxShader 扩展 ShaderProgram{
private static final String VERTEX_FILE = "src/com/redcatengine/skybox/skyboxVertexShader.txt";
private static final String FRAGMENT_FILE = "src/com/redcatengine/skybox/skyboxFragmentShader.txt";
private int location_projectionMatrix;
private int location_viewMatrix;
public SkyboxShader() {
super(VERTEX_FILE, FRAGMENT_FILE);
}
public void loadProjectionMatrix(Matrix4f matrix){
super.loadMatrix(location_projectionMatrix, matrix);
}
public void loadViewMatrix(Camera camera){
Matrix4f matrix = Maths.createViewMatrix(camera);
matrix.m30 = 0;
matrix.m31 = 0;
matrix.m32 = 0;
super.loadMatrix(location_viewMatrix, matrix);
}
@Override
protected void getAllUniformLocations() {
location_projectionMatrix = super.getUniformLocation("projectionMatrix");
location_viewMatrix = super.getUniformLocation("viewMatrix");
}
@Override
protected void bindAttributes() {
super.bindAttribute(0, "position");
}
}
公共(public)抽象类ShaderProgram {
private int programID;
private int vertexShaderID;
private int fragmentShaderID;
private static FloatBuffer matrixBuffer = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer(16);
public ShaderProgram(String vertexFile, String fragmentFile) {
vertexShaderID = loadShader(vertexFile, GL20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
fragmentShaderID = loadShader(fragmentFile, GL20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
programID = GL20.glCreateProgram();
GL20.glAttachShader(programID, vertexShaderID);
GL20.glAttachShader(programID, fragmentShaderID);
bindAttributes();
GL20.glLinkProgram(programID);
GL20.glValidateProgram(programID);
getAllUniformLocations();
}
protected abstract void getAllUniformLocations();
protected int getUniformLocation(String uniformName){
return GL20.glGetUniformLocation(programID, uniformName);
}
public void start(){
GL20.glUseProgram(programID);
}
public void stop(){
GL20.glUseProgram(0);
}
public void cleanUp(){
stop();
GL20.glDetachShader(programID, vertexShaderID);
GL20.glDetachShader(programID, fragmentShaderID);
GL20.glDeleteShader(vertexShaderID);
GL20.glDeleteShader(fragmentShaderID);
GL20.glDeleteProgram(programID);
}
protected abstract void bindAttributes();
protected void bindAttribute(int attribute, String variableName){
GL20.glBindAttribLocation(programID, attribute, variableName);
}
protected void loadInt(int location, int value){
GL20.glUniform1i(location, value);
}
protected void loadFloat(int location, float value){
GL20.glUniform1f(location, value);
}
protected void loadVector(int location, Vector3f value){
GL20.glUniform3f(location, value.x, value.y, value.z);
}
protected void load2DVector(int location, Vector2f value){
GL20.glUniform2f(location, value.x, value.y);
}
protected void loadBoolean(int location, boolean value){
float toLoad = 0;
if(value)toLoad = 1;else toLoad = 0;
GL20.glUniform1f(location, toLoad);
}
protected void loadMatrix(int location, Matrix4f matrix){
matrix.store(matrixBuffer);
matrixBuffer.flip();
GL20.glUniformMatrix4(location, false, matrixBuffer);
}
private static int loadShader(String file, int type){
StringBuilder shaderSource = new StringBuilder();
try{
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
String line;
while((line = reader.readLine()) != null){
shaderSource.append(line).append("\n");
}
reader.close();
}catch(IOException e){
System.err.println("Could not read shader file!");
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(-1);
}
int shaderID = GL20.glCreateShader(type);
GL20.glShaderSource(shaderID, shaderSource);
GL20.glCompileShader(shaderID);
if(GL20.glGetShaderi(shaderID, GL20.GL_COMPILE_STATUS)==GL11.GL_FALSE){
System.out.println(GL20.glGetShaderInfoLog(shaderID, 500));
System.out.println("Could not compile shader.");
System.exit(-1);
}
return shaderID;
}
}
天空盒片段着色器:
#version 400
in vec3 textureCoords;
out vec4 out_Color;
uniform samplerCube cubeMap;
void main(void){
out_Color = texture(cubeMap, textureCoords);
}
天空盒顶点着色器
#version 400
in vec3 position;
out vec3 textureCoords;
uniform mat4 projectionMatrix;
uniform mat4 viewMatrix;
void main(void){
gl_Position = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * vec4(position, 1.0);
textureCoords = position;
}`
最佳答案
您的立方体贴图纹理立方体不完整:
您的加载程序代码会迭代调用它的数组中的所有文件:
for(int i = 0; i < textureFiles.length;i++){ // [...] GL11.glTexImage2D(GL13.GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP_POSITIVE_X + i, [...]) }
但是,您的输入数组仅包含 5 个整体:
String[] TEXTURE_FILES = {"right","left","bottom","back","front"};
您只为立方体提供了 5 个面,而忘记了“顶”面。
根据 GL 规范(引自 OpenGL 4.5 core profile specification 第 8.17 节),
A cube map texture is mipmap complete if each of the six texture images, considered individually, is mipmap complete. Additionally, a cube map texture is cube complete if the following conditions all hold true:
The level_base texture images of each of the six cube map faces have identical, positive, and square dimensions.
The levelbase images were each specified with the same internal format.
它进一步定义纹理完整性:
Using the preceding definitions, a texture is complete unless any of the following conditions hold true:
- [...]
- The texture is a cube map texture, and is not cube complete.
- [...]
所以你的立方体贴图纹理不完整。
第 11.1.3.5 节规定:
If a sampler is used in a shader and the sampler’s associated texture is not complete, as defined in section 8.17,
(0; 0; 0; 1)
will be returned for a non-shadow sampler and0
for a shadow sampler.
事实上,您的立方体贴图应该显示为全黑。
关于java - Skybox 是全黑的,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34253032/