java - 我的 if, else 语句有问题

Question

我不明白为什么我的程序会跳到最后的“else”语句。这是我的代码，如下，也有点粗糙，因为我刚刚开始使用它，而且我对 Java 很陌生。如果还有什么需要请尽管询问!

我们应该编写的程序用于获取储物柜组合。我已经对我想要的组合进行了硬编码，当我输入 12-34-56 时，程序就会运行。但是，如果我输入 12-12-34 或任何其他变体，它会自动跳到程序末尾并显示“不匹配”，尽管这不应该是结果。相反，它应该打印出“猜测中的 2 个数字彼此重复。组合中出现 2 个数字。”

如果您还有其他需要，请告诉我!谢谢，祝你有美好的一天! (我还使用 java 和 BlueJ 来完成所有这些工作。)

import java.util.*;
public class Combination
{

public static void main(String[] args) {

        int lock1 = 12;
        int lock2 = 34;
        int lock3 = 56;

        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.print("Enter first two digits: ");
        int guess1 = input.nextInt();
        System.out.print("Enter second two digits: ");
        int guess2 = input.nextInt();
        System.out.print("Enter last two digits: ");
        int guess3 = input.nextInt();

        if (lock1 == guess1 && lock2 == guess2 && lock3 == guess3) {
            System.out.print("Exact Match! Locker Unlocked");
        }
        else if (lock1 == guess1 && lock2 == guess3 && lock3 == guess2
        || lock1 == guess2 && lock2 == guess3 && lock3 == guess1 
        || lock1 == guess2 && lock2 == guess1 && lock3 == guess3
        || lock1 == guess3 && lock2 == guess2 && lock3 == guess1
        || lock1 == guess3 && lock2 == guess1 && lock3 == guess2)
        {
            System.out.println("All numbers match but not in the correct order");
        }
        else if (lock1 == guess1 && lock2 == guess1 && lock3 == guess1
        || lock1 == guess2 && lock2 == guess2 && lock3 == guess2
        || lock1 == guess3 && lock2 == guess3 && lock3 == guess3) {
            System.out.println("Guess contains 3 duplicate numbers.");
            System.out.println("One number in the guess appears in the combination.");
        }
        else if (lock1 == guess1 && lock2 == guess1 && lock3 == guess2
        || lock1 == guess1 && lock2 == guess1 && lock3 == guess3
        || lock1 == guess2 && lock2 == guess2 && lock3 == guess3
        || lock1 == guess2 && lock2 == guess2 && lock3 == guess1
        || lock1 == guess3 && lock2 == guess3 && lock3 == guess2
        || lock1 == guess3 && lock2 == guess3 && lock3 == guess1
        || lock1 == guess2 && lock2 == guess1 && lock3 == guess1
        || lock1 == guess3 && lock2 == guess1 && lock3 == guess1        
        || lock1 == guess3 && lock2 == guess2 && lock3 == guess2
        || lock1 == guess1 && lock2 == guess2 && lock3 == guess2
        || lock1 == guess1 && lock2 == guess3 && lock3 == guess3
        || lock1 == guess2 && lock2 == guess3 && lock3 == guess3) {
            System.out.println("2 numbers in the guess are duplicates of each other." +
            "2 numbers guess appear in the combination.");
        }
        else{
        System.out.println("Sorry not a match");
        }


    }
}

Answer 1

最后两个 else-if 条件有两个问题:

1. lock 和 guard 需要交换。我们总是想验证所有三个猜测。目前，一个猜测被检查两次/三次，而一个/两个猜测被忽略。特别是倒数第二个 else-if 仅当 lock1 = lock2 = lock3 时才能输入。发现问题的另一种方法:要知道 Guess 包含 3 个重复的数字。，您必须检查所有三个猜测。目前，仅检查一个猜测(每种情况)。

2. 最后一个 else-if 条件缺少一些析取语句。有 18 种可能的情况需要输入两次相同的猜测，程序只检查其中的 12 种。

以下是现有案例和失踪案例。每个数字代表三个猜测之一。

missing|present
-------+-------
        112
        113
121
        122
131
        133
        211
212
        221
        223
232
        233
        311
313
        322
323
        331
        332

在我将倒数第二个 else-if-条件更改为之后，程序是正确的*

   guess1 == lock1 && guess2 == lock1 && guess3 == lock1
|| guess1 == lock2 && guess2 == lock2 && guess3 == lock2
|| guess1 == lock3 && guess2 == lock3 && guess3 == lock3

最后一个 else-if 条件为

   guess1 == lock1 && guess2 == lock1 && guess3 == lock2
|| guess1 == lock1 && guess2 == lock1 && guess3 == lock3
|| guess1 == lock1 && guess2 == lock2 && guess3 == lock1
|| guess1 == lock1 && guess2 == lock2 && guess3 == lock2
|| guess1 == lock1 && guess2 == lock3 && guess3 == lock1
|| guess1 == lock1 && guess2 == lock3 && guess3 == lock3
|| guess1 == lock2 && guess2 == lock1 && guess3 == lock1
|| guess1 == lock2 && guess2 == lock1 && guess3 == lock2
|| guess1 == lock2 && guess2 == lock2 && guess3 == lock1
|| guess1 == lock2 && guess2 == lock2 && guess3 == lock3
|| guess1 == lock2 && guess2 == lock3 && guess3 == lock2
|| guess1 == lock2 && guess2 == lock3 && guess3 == lock3
|| guess1 == lock3 && guess2 == lock1 && guess3 == lock1
|| guess1 == lock3 && guess2 == lock1 && guess3 == lock3
|| guess1 == lock3 && guess2 == lock2 && guess3 == lock2
|| guess1 == lock3 && guess2 == lock2 && guess3 == lock3
|| guess1 == lock3 && guess2 == lock3 && guess3 == lock1
|| guess1 == lock3 && guess2 == lock3 && guess3 == lock2

* 我使用脚本检查了所有可能的组合。

提示:如果您使用数组和循环，程序会更简单、更清晰且可扩展。