这是我第一次发帖,但我遇到了很多问题。 我目前有一个带有标题的 AbstractDevice 类:
public abstract class AbstractDevice<T extends AbstractDevice.Builder<T>> implements Device
这个类有一个带有标题的嵌套构建器类:
public static abstract class Builder<T>
我还有一个带有标题的 AbstractPeripheral 类:
public abstract class AbstractPeripheral<T extends AbstractPeripheral.Builder<T>> extends AbstractDevice<AbstractPeripheral.Builder>
这个类也有自己的嵌套构建器类,其标题为:
public static abstract class Builder<T> extends AbstractDevice.Builder<Builder>.
我的目标是让 AbstractPeripheral 扩展 AbstractDevice 并且 AbstractPeripheral 的构建器扩展 AbstractDevice 的。但是,我在尝试编译时收到此错误:
type argument uxb.AbstractPeripheral.Builder is not within bounds of type-variable T.
感谢任何帮助。谢谢 抽象设备:
package uxb;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.math.BigInteger;
public abstract class AbstractDevice<T extends AbstractDevice.Builder<T>>
implements Device{
public static abstract class Builder<T>{
private Integer version;
private Optional<Integer> productCode;
private Optional<BigInteger> serialNumber;
private List<Connector.Type> connectors;
public Builder(Integer version){
this.version = version;
} //end constructor method
public T productCode(Integer productCode){
if(productCode != null){
this.productCode = Optional.of(productCode);
} //end if statement
else{
this.productCode = Optional.empty();
} //end else statement
return getThis();
} //end method productCode()
public T serialNumber(BigInteger serialNumber){
if(serialNumber != null){
this.serialNumber = Optional.of(serialNumber);
} //end if statement
else{
/*Class has a static field for ZERO value*/
this.serialNumber = Optional.empty();
} //end else statement
return getThis();
} //end method serialNumber()
public T connectors(List<Connector.Type> connectors){
this.connectors = connectors;
return getThis();
} //end method connectors
protected abstract T getThis();
protected List<Connector.Type> getConnectors(){
return connectors;
} //end method getConnectors()
protected void validate(){
if(version == null){
throw new NullPointerException("Cannot be validated");
}
} //end method validate()
} //end nested abstract class Builder
private final Integer version;
private final Optional<Integer> productCode;
private final Optional<BigInteger> serialNumber;
private final List<Connector.Type> connectors;
private final List<Connector> connectorObjects;
protected AbstractDevice(Builder<T> builder){
this.version = builder.version;
this.productCode = builder.productCode;
this.serialNumber = builder.serialNumber;
this.connectors = builder.connectors;
ArrayList<Connector> temp = new ArrayList<Connector>();
for(int i = 0; i < connectors.size(); i++){
temp.add(new Connector(this, i, connectors.get(i)));
} //end for loop
connectorObjects = temp;
} //end constructor method
public Optional<Integer> getProductCode(){
return productCode;
} //end method getProductCode()
public Integer getConnectorCount(){
/*Not Implemented Yet*/
return 0;
} //end method getConnectorCount()
public Optional<BigInteger> getSerialNumber(){
return serialNumber;
} //end method getSerialNumber()
public Integer getVersion(){
return version;
} //end method getVersion()
public List<Connector> getConnectors(){
return new ArrayList<Connector>(connectorObjects);
} //end method getConnectors()
public Connector getConnector(int index){
if(! getConnectors().isEmpty()){
return getConnectors().get(index);
} //end if statement
else{
return null;
} //end else statement
} //end method getConnector()
} //end abstract class AbstractDevice
抽象外设: 封装uxb;
import java.util.List;
public abstract class AbstractPeripheral<T extends
AbstractPeripheral.Builder<T>> extends
AbstractDevice<AbstractPeripheral.Builder>{
public static abstract class Builder<T> extends
AbstractDevice.Builder<Builder>{
protected void validate(){
super.validate();
if(getConnectors().equals(null)){
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot be validated");
} //end if statement
if(checkTypes(getConnectors())){
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot be validated");
} //end if statement
} //end method
private boolean checkTypes(List<Connector.Type> types){
for(Connector.Type type: types){
if(type != Connector.Type.PERIPHERAL){
return false;
} //end if statement
} //end for each loop
return true;
} //end method checkTypes
public Builder(Integer version){
super(version);
} //end constructor method
} //end nested class Builder
public AbstractPeripheral(Builder<T> builder){
super(builder);
}
} //end class AbstractPeripheral
中心: 封装uxb;
public class Hub extends AbstractDevice<Hub.Builder>{
public static class Builder extends AbstractDevice.Builder<Builder>{
public Builder(Integer version){
super(version);
} //end constructor method
public Hub build(){
validate();
return new Hub(getThis());
} //end method build()
protected Builder getThis(){
return this;
} //end method getThis()
protected void validate(){
super.validate();
if(!(super.getConnectors().contains(Connector.Type.COMPUTER))){
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot be validated");
} //end if statement\
if(!(super.getConnectors().contains(Connector.Type.PERIPHERAL))){
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot be validated");
} //end if statement
} //end validate()
} //end nested class Builder
private Hub(Builder builder){
super(builder);
} //end constructor method
public DeviceClass getDeviceClass(){
return DeviceClass.HUB;
} //end method getDeviceClass()
} //end class Hub
最佳答案
您确实需要使用正在构建的类,和构建器作为构建器的参数。然而,正在构建的对象不需要需要了解构建器,因此不需要它作为参数。
我在几个开源项目中使用了这种模式或略有不同,包括 Apache Brooklyn和jclouds。
因此,从您的示例中,更改父类如下:
public abstract class AbstractDevice implements Device {
public static abstract class Builder<T, B> {
public abstract B self();
public abstract T build();
public B example(String value) {
// do something with value
return self();
}
}
}
请注意,我还添加了一个抽象的 build()
方法,它将返回构建的对象。 self()
方法是必需的,因为当构建器方法返回 this
时,它将具有错误的类型。相反,每个构建器方法必须以 return self();
结尾,如所示的 example(String value)
方法中所示。那么 child 就变成了:
public abstract class AbstractPeripheral extends AbstractDevice {
public static abstract class Builder<T, B> extends AbstractDevice.Builder<T, B> {
}
}
您可以看到,T
和 B
泛型参数分别用于指向类的类型和构建器的类型。因此,要创建一个使用这些的具体类,应该创建类似这样的内容:
public class Hub extends AbstractPeripheral {
public static class Builder extends AbstractPeripheral.Builder<Hub, Builder> {
public static final Builder builder() {
return new Builder();
}
public Builder self() {
return this;
}
public Hub build() {
return new Hub();
}
}
}
这还有一个静态 builder()
方法,它返回正确的 Builder
类的实例,如果您愿意,您也可以直接调用构造函数。 build()
方法只是创建并返回具体类,self()
方法在此处实现以返回 this
将具有正确的类型。
将所有内容放在一起,我们可以使用它来创建一个 Hub
对象,如下所示:
Hub hub = Hub.Builder.builder()
.example("something")
.build();
请注意,AbstractDevice.Builder#example(String)
方法返回正确的类型,因为它实际上调用 Hub#self()
和 build()
按预期返回 Hub
的具体实例。
要减轻一些痛苦并删除重复的样板,您还可以尝试使用 Google AutoValue项目,我们现在正在 jclouds 中切换到该项目。
关于Java 抽象、泛型和构建器,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39560266/