java - 初始化方法在主类中的指定方法之前运行

标签 java javafx

我正在尝试将一个对象从一个 Controller 传递到另一个 Controller 。我传递给 BookViewController 的 rowData 对象对于初始化方法的工作至关重要,如果未设置数据,就会出现 NullPointerException,这确实发生在我的情况下。

初始化方法似乎在 setRowData 方法之前运行。正如我所说,初始化方法依赖于 setRowData 方法的执行。

我在这里错过了什么?

Main.java

public class Main extends Application {

    private static Stage primaryStage;
    private static BorderPane mainLayout;

    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws Exception {
        Main.primaryStage = primaryStage;
        Main.primaryStage.setTitle("BookingApp");
        showMainView();
    }

    private void showMainView() throws IOException {
        FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
        loader.setLocation(Main.class.getResource("MainView.fxml"));
        mainLayout = loader.load();
        Scene scene = new Scene(mainLayout);
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();
    }

    public static void showBookView(Trip rowData) throws IOException {
        FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
        loader.setLocation(Main.class.getResource("BookView.fxml"));
        BorderPane bookTrip = loader.load();

        BookViewController bvc = loader.getController();
        // The below method never runs.. why?
        bvc.setRowData(rowData);       

        Stage bookStage = new Stage();                
        bookStage.setTitle("BookingApp");
        bookStage.initModality(Modality.WINDOW_MODAL);
        bookStage.initOwner(primaryStage);
        Scene scene = new Scene(bookTrip);
        bookStage.setScene(scene);
        bookStage.showAndWait();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
    }
} 

BookViewController.java

public class BookViewController implements Initializable {

    private String dbUrl = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/BookingApp";

    private String dbUsername = "postgres";

    private String dbPassword = "secret";

    @FXML
    private TextField personnr;

    @FXML
    private TextField name;

    @FXML
    private TextField email;

    @FXML
    private TextField telnr;

    @FXML
    private Button addTraveler;

    @FXML
    private Button removeTraveler;

    @FXML
    private TableView<Traveler> travelers;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> personnrColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> nameColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> emailColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> telnrColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableView<Trip> trips;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> originColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> destinationColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> departureColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> arrivalColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> driverColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> priceAmountColumn;

    @FXML
    private TableColumn<?, ?> seatsColumn;

    @FXML
    private Button bookTrip;

    private Trip rowData;

    private ObservableList<Trip> tripData;

    public void setRowData(Trip rowData) {
        this.rowData = rowData;
        // The below println is never printed to the console..
        System.out.println("Test");
    }

    @Override
    public void initialize(URL arg0, ResourceBundle arg1) {
        addTraveler.setDisable(true);
        removeTraveler.setDisable(true);
        populateTravelPlan();
    }

    @FXML
    private void populateTravelPlan() {
        try {
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, dbUsername, dbPassword);
            tripData = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
            ResultSet rs = null;
            System.out.println(rowData.getTrip1()); // Here it breaks
            System.out.println(rowData.getTrip2());
            System.out.println(rowData.getTrip3());
            if(rowData.getTrip1() != 0 && rowData.getTrip2() == 0 && rowData.getTrip3() == 0) {
                rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(
                        "select trip.tripid, connexion.origin, connexion.destination, trip.departure, trip.arrival, trip.driverpnr, trip.priceamount, trip.seats\r\n" + 
                        "from trip, connexion\r\n" + 
                        "where trip.tripid = " + rowData.getTrip1() + "\r\n" + 
                        "and trip.connexionid = connexion.connexionid\r\n" + 
                        "order by departure;");
            } else if(rowData.getTrip1() != 0 && rowData.getTrip2() != 0 && rowData.getTrip3() == 0) {
                rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(
                        "select trip.tripid, connexion.origin, connexion.destination, trip.departure, trip.arrival, trip.driverpnr, trip.priceamount, trip.seats\r\n" + 
                        "from trip, connexion\r\n" + 
                        "where trip.tripid = " + rowData.getTrip1() + "\r\n" + 
                        "and trip.connexionid = connexion.connexionid\r\n" + 
                        "union\r\n" + 
                        "select trip.tripid, connexion.origin, connexion.destination, trip.departure, trip.arrival, trip.driverpnr, trip.priceamount, trip.seats\r\n" + 
                        "from trip, connexion\r\n" + 
                        "where trip.tripid = " + rowData.getTrip2() + "\r\n" + 
                        "and trip.connexionid = connexion.connexionid\r\n" + 
                        "order by departure;");
            } else if(rowData.getTrip1() != 0 && rowData.getTrip2() != 0 && rowData.getTrip3() != 0) {
                rs = conn.createStatement().executeQuery(
                        "select trip.tripid, connexion.origin, connexion.destination, trip.departure, trip.arrival, trip.driverpnr, trip.priceamount, trip.seats\r\n" + 
                        "from trip, connexion\r\n" + 
                        "where trip.tripid = " + rowData.getTrip1() + "\r\n" + 
                        "and trip.connexionid = connexion.connexionid\r\n" + 
                        "union\r\n" + 
                        "select trip.tripid, connexion.origin, connexion.destination, trip.departure, trip.arrival, trip.driverpnr, trip.priceamount, trip.seats\r\n" + 
                        "from trip, connexion\r\n" + 
                        "where trip.tripid = " + rowData.getTrip2() + "\r\n" + 
                        "and trip.connexionid = connexion.connexionid\r\n" + 
                        "union\r\n" + 
                        "select trip.tripid, connexion.origin, connexion.destination, trip.departure, trip.arrival, trip.driverpnr, trip.priceamount, trip.seats\r\n" + 
                        "from trip, connexion\r\n" + 
                        "where trip.tripid = " + rowData.getTrip3() + "\r\n" + 
                        "and trip.connexionid = connexion.connexionid\r\n" + 
                        "order by departure;");
            }
            tripData.add(new Trip(rs.getInt(1), rs.getString(2), rs.getString(3), ""+rs.getTimestamp(4), ""+rs.getTimestamp(5), rs.getString(6), ""+rs.getInt(7), ""+rs.getInt(8)));
            while(rs.next()) {
                tripData.add(new Trip(rs.getInt(1), rs.getString(2), rs.getString(3), ""+rs.getTimestamp(4), ""+rs.getTimestamp(5), rs.getString(6), ""+rs.getInt(7), ""+rs.getInt(8)));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        trips.setItems(tripData);
    }
} 

异常

javafx.fxml.LoadException: 
/C:/Users/David/Desktop/eclipse/BookingApp1/bin/booking/BookView.fxml

    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.constructLoadException(FXMLLoader.java:2601)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2579)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2441)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.load(FXMLLoader.java:2409)
    at booking.Main.showBookView(Main.java:35)
    at booking.MainViewController$1.handle(MainViewController.java:227)
    at booking.MainViewController$1.handle(MainViewController.java:1)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventHandler.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventHandler.java:86)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:238)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventHandlerManager.dispatchBubblingEvent(EventHandlerManager.java:191)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.CompositeEventDispatcher.dispatchBubblingEvent(CompositeEventDispatcher.java:59)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:58)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.BasicEventDispatcher.dispatchEvent(BasicEventDispatcher.java:56)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventDispatchChainImpl.dispatchEvent(EventDispatchChainImpl.java:114)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEventImpl(EventUtil.java:74)
    at com.sun.javafx.event.EventUtil.fireEvent(EventUtil.java:54)
    at javafx.event.Event.fireEvent(Event.java:198)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$ClickGenerator.postProcess(Scene.java:3470)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$ClickGenerator.access$8100(Scene.java:3398)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$MouseHandler.process(Scene.java:3766)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$MouseHandler.access$1500(Scene.java:3485)
    at javafx.scene.Scene.impl_processMouseEvent(Scene.java:1762)
    at javafx.scene.Scene$ScenePeerListener.mouseEvent(Scene.java:2494)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler$MouseEventNotification.run(GlassViewEventHandler.java:381)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler$MouseEventNotification.run(GlassViewEventHandler.java:295)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler.lambda$handleMouseEvent$353(GlassViewEventHandler.java:417)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.runWithoutRenderLock(QuantumToolkit.java:389)
    at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.GlassViewEventHandler.handleMouseEvent(GlassViewEventHandler.java:416)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.View.handleMouseEvent(View.java:555)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.View.notifyMouse(View.java:937)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication._runLoop(Native Method)
    at com.sun.glass.ui.win.WinApplication.lambda$null$147(WinApplication.java:177)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
    at booking.BookViewController.populateTravelPlan(BookViewController.java:109)
    at booking.BookViewController.initialize(BookViewController.java:100)
    at javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader.loadImpl(FXMLLoader.java:2548)
    ... 39 more 

最佳答案

It seems that the initialize-method runs BEFORE the setRowData-method.

这确实是正确的。 initialize() 方法由 FXMLLoader 调用,作为执行 load() 的一部分,这必然发生在您有机会之前调用setRowData(...)

What am I missing out on here?

没什么,真的。

有几个可能的修复方法。一种是简单地避免 initialize() 方法依赖于传递给 setRowData() 的数据,并将依赖于这些数据的任何代码移至后一个方法。在这种情况下这是非常微不足道的:

public void setRowData(Trip rowData) {
    this.rowData = rowData;
    populateTravelPlan();
}

@Override
public void initialize(URL arg0, ResourceBundle arg1) {
    addTraveler.setDisable(true);
    removeTraveler.setDisable(true);
    // don't do this here:
    // populateTravelPlan();
}

如果您不喜欢该解决方案,另一种选择是在代码中而不是在 FXML 中设置 Controller 。简而言之,您可以从 FXML 文件中删除 fx:controller 属性,然后在加载 FXML 时创建一个 Controller 实例,调用 setRowData() (或以其他方式初始化行数据,例如通过构造函数),并在 FXMLLoader 上调用 setController()。此解决方案在Passing Parameters JavaFX FXML中有详细描述。 .

该解决方案的一个缺点是,如果您使用场景生成器进行 FXML 设计,场景生成器将失去一些功能(因为它不再知道用于创建 Controller 的类)。如果您想保留该功能,可以使用 Controller 工厂。

对于该解决方案,我将修改 Controller ,以便将行数据传递给构造函数:

public class BookViewController implements Initializable {

    // @FXML-annotated fields omitted...

    private final Trip rowData;

    public BookViewController(Trip rowData) {
        this.rowData = rowData ;
    }

    // remove this, it is now initialized in the constructor
    // public void setRowData(Trip rowData) {
    //     this.rowData = rowData;
    //     // The below println is never printed to the console..
    //     System.out.println("Test");
    // }

    @Override
    public void initialize(URL arg0, ResourceBundle arg1) {
        addTraveler.setDisable(true);
        removeTraveler.setDisable(true);
        populateTravelPlan();
    }

    // etc...
}

此构造函数将阻止 FXMLLoader 使用其默认方法创建 Controller 实例,因此请向加载器提供 Controller 工厂以覆盖 Controller 的创建方式:

public static void showBookView(Trip rowData) throws IOException {
    FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
    loader.setLocation(Main.class.getResource("BookView.fxml"));
    loader.setControllerFactory(type -> {
        if (type == BookViewController.class) {
            return new BookViewController(rowData);
        }
        // default behavior: need this in case there are <fx:include> in the FXML
        try {
            return type.getConstructor().newInstance();
        } catch (Exception exc) {
            // fatal...
            throw new RuntimeException(exc);
        }
    });
    BorderPane bookTrip = loader.load();

    Stage bookStage = new Stage();                
    bookStage.setTitle("BookingApp");
    bookStage.initModality(Modality.WINDOW_MODAL);
    bookStage.initOwner(primaryStage);
    Scene scene = new Scene(bookTrip);
    bookStage.setScene(scene);
    bookStage.showAndWait();
}

关于java - 初始化方法在主类中的指定方法之前运行,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49651919/

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