mysql - 按列中的最大值选择唯一行

Question

我有一个包含时区的表，如下示例所示:

CREATE TABLE timezones
(`CountryCode` varchar(2),
 `ZoneName` varchar(35),
 `Offset` int not null,
 `Dst` char(1),
 `TimeStart` decimal(11,0) not null);

INSERT INTO 
timezones (`CountryCode`, `ZoneName`, `Offset`, `Dst`, `TimeStart`)

VALUES
('VA', 'Europe/Vatican', 7200, '1', 1521939600),
('VA', 'Europe/Vatican', 3600, '0', 1540688400),
('VA', 'Europe/Vatican', 7200, '1', 1553994000),

('UA', 'Europe/Zaporozhye', 10800, '1', 1521939600),
('UA', 'Europe/Zaporozhye', 7200, '0', 1540688400),
('UA', 'Europe/Zaporozhye', 10800, '1', 1553994000),

('TR', 'Europe/Istanbul', 7200, '0', 1446944400),
('TR', 'Europe/Istanbul', 7200, '1', 1459040400),
('TR', 'Europe/Istanbul', 10800, '0', 1473195600);

+-------------+-------------------+--------+------+------------+
| CountryCode | ZoneName          | Offset | Dst  | TimeStart  |
+-------------+-------------------+--------+------+------------+
| VA          | Europe/Vatican    |   7200 | 1    | 1521939600 |
| VA          | Europe/Vatican    |   3600 | 0    | 1540688400 |
| VA          | Europe/Vatican    |   7200 | 1    | 1553994000 |
| UA          | Europe/Zaporozhye |  10800 | 1    | 1521939600 |
| UA          | Europe/Zaporozhye |   7200 | 0    | 1540688400 |
| UA          | Europe/Zaporozhye |  10800 | 1    | 1553994000 |
| TR          | Europe/Istanbul   |   7200 | 0    | 1446944400 |
| TR          | Europe/Istanbul   |   7200 | 1    | 1459040400 |
| TR          | Europe/Istanbul   |  10800 | 0    | 1473195600 |
+-------------+-------------------+--------+------+------------+

我需要选择具有唯一 ZoneName 字段且在 TimeStart 列中具有最大值的行。

因此，对于上表，我期望得到以下结果:

+-------------+-------------------+--------+------+------------+
| CountryCode | ZoneName          | Offset | Dst  | TimeStart  |
+-------------+-------------------+--------+------+------------+
| VA          | Europe/Vatican    |   7200 | 1    | 1553994000 |
| UA          | Europe/Zaporozhye |  10800 | 1    | 1553994000 |
| TR          | Europe/Istanbul   |  10800 | 0    | 1473195600 |
+-------------+-------------------+--------+------+------------+

Answer 1

这是一个过滤操作。您可以使用相关子查询:

select t.*
from t
where t.timestart = (select max(t2.timestart) from t t2 where t2.ZoneName = t.ZoneName);