mysql - 如何在一张表中使用 WHERE 子句删除 2 个表行？

Question

这是我的两张 table 。我想删除两个表(zipkin_annotations、zipkin_spans)中所有带有trace_id且超过5天的行

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_spans (
  `trace_id_high` BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64 bit',
  `trace_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
  `id` BIGINT NOT NULL,
  `name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  `parent_id` BIGINT,
  `debug` BIT(1),
  `start_ts` BIGINT COMMENT 'Span.timestamp(): epoch micros used for endTs query and to implement TTL',
  `duration` BIGINT COMMENT 'Span.duration(): micros used for minDuration and maxDuration query'
) ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

ALTER TABLE zipkin_spans ADD UNIQUE KEY(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `id`) COMMENT 'ignore insert on duplicate';

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS zipkin_annotations (
  `trace_id_high` BIGINT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT 'If non zero, this means the trace uses 128 bit traceIds instead of 64 bit',
  `trace_id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincides with zipkin_spans.trace_id',
  `span_id` BIGINT NOT NULL COMMENT 'coincides with zipkin_spans.id',
  `a_key` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.key or Annotation.value if type == -1',
  `a_value` BLOB COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.value(), which must be smaller than 64KB',
  `a_type` INT NOT NULL COMMENT 'BinaryAnnotation.type() or -1 if Annotation',
  `a_timestamp` BIGINT COMMENT 'Used to implement TTL; Annotation.timestamp or zipkin_spans.timestamp',
  `endpoint_ipv4` INT COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
  `endpoint_ipv6` BINARY(16) COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null, or no IPv6 address',
  `endpoint_port` SMALLINT COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null',
  `endpoint_service_name` VARCHAR(255) COMMENT 'Null when Binary/Annotation.endpoint is null'
) ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED CHARACTER SET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

ALTER TABLE zipkin_annotations ADD UNIQUE KEY(`trace_id_high`, `trace_id`, `span_id`, `a_key`, `a_timestamp`) COMMENT 'Ignore insert on duplicate';

通过下面的查询，我可以从 zipkin_spans 中检索超过 5 天的行。

SELECT count(*) from zipkin_spans
WHERE FROM_UNIXTIME(zipkin_spans.start_ts/1000000) < DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL 5 DAY)

但我希望 zipkin_annotations 中的行具有相同的traceId。请就此提出建议(带查询)。

Answer 1

您可以使用子查询来完成此操作，如下所示:

SELECT * FROM zipkin_annotations WHERE trace_id IN (SELECT trace_id from zipkin_spans WHERE FROM_UNIXTIME(zipkin_spans.start_ts/1000000) < DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL 5 DAY))

内部查询根据您所需的条件从 zipkin_spans 中获取所有 traceId，外部查询仅从 zipkin_annotations 中获取记录那些traceId。

上面的查询当然只会选择行，你可以替换SELECT与 DELETE删除行。

另一个建议是，在设计架构时，您可以使用 Foreign key为了您的目的。有一个名为 Delete on cascade 的选项，这将从 zipkin_annotations 中删除所有具有从 zipkin_spans 中删除的 traceId 的行。