javascript - 每次点击创建单独和独特的工具提示

Question

我一直在使用 w3school 工具提示代码让工具提示在单击某些内容后出现。我设法让弹出窗口出现在每个可点击的元素上(在本例中它只是一些简单的文本)，但问题是它总是出现在同一个地方。工具提示不会出现在被单击的文本的正上方，它总是出现在第一个文本的上方。

<div class="popup" onclick="myFunction()">Click me to toggle the popup!
  <span class="popuptext" id="myPopup">A Simple Popup!</span>
</div><br><br><br>

<div class="popup" onclick="myFunction()">Click me to toggle the popup!
  <span class="popuptext" id="myPopup">A Simple Popup!</span>
</div> <br><br><br>
<div class="popup" onclick="myFunction()">Click me to toggle the popup!
  <span class="popuptext" id="myPopup">A Simple Popup!</span>
</div><br><br><br>
<div class="popup" onclick="myFunction()">Click me to toggle the popup!
  <span class="popuptext" id="myPopup">A Simple Popup!</span>
</div><br><br><br>

.popup {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  cursor: pointer;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
}

/* The actual popup */
.popup .popuptext {
  visibility: hidden;
  width: 160px;
  background-color: #555;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 8px 0;
  position: relative
  z-index: 1;
  bottom: 125%;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -80px;
}

/* Popup arrow */
.popup .popuptext::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -5px;
  border-width: 5px;
  border-style: solid;
  border-color: #555 transparent transparent transparent;
}

/* Toggle this class - hide and show the popup */
.popup .show {
  visibility: visible;
  -webkit-animation: fadeIn 1s;
  animation: fadeIn 1s;
}

/* Add animation (fade in the popup) */
@-webkit-keyframes fadeIn {
  from {opacity: 0;} 
  to {opacity: 1;}
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
  from {opacity: 0;}
  to {opacity:1 ;}
}

function myFunction() {
  var popup = document.getElementById("myPopup");
  popup.classList.toggle("show");
}

这是带有工作演示的 jsfiddle 的链接: https://jsfiddle.net/codingcoder96/qcxshej0/

Answer 1

您的代码中有一些错误:

1. 元素的 ID 属性在整个 HTML 页面中必须是唯一的。在您的代码中，许多元素具有相同的 ID。

2. 我不会使用 onclick="" - 我会在 JS 代码中添加一个 eventListener(它有助于将 JS 与 HTML 解耦)

// "grabbing" the popups
const popups = document.querySelectorAll('.popup')

// adding a click eventListener to every popup container
popups.forEach(e => {
  e.addEventListener('click', function(ev) {
    togglePopup(this)
  })
})

// getting the child of the container
// and toggling show class
function togglePopup(container) {
  // [id^=myPopup] is a traditional CSS selector, that selects
  // all elements whose ID begins with "myPopup"
  // by calling querySelector on the container, we only look
  // for elements that are child nodes of the container
  // so the CSS selector is narrowed down to those elements
  container.querySelector('[id^=myPopup]').classList.toggle('show')
}

.popup {
  position: relative;
  display: inline-block;
  cursor: pointer;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -ms-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
}


/* The actual popup */

.popup .popuptext {
  visibility: hidden;
  width: 160px;
  background-color: #555;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 8px 0;
  position: relative z-index: 1;
  bottom: 125%;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -80px;
}


/* Popup arrow */

.popup .popuptext::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 50%;
  margin-left: -5px;
  border-width: 5px;
  border-style: solid;
  border-color: #555 transparent transparent transparent;
}


/* Toggle this class - hide and show the popup */

.popup .show {
  visibility: visible;
  -webkit-animation: fadeIn 1s;
  animation: fadeIn 1s;
}


/* Add animation (fade in the popup) */

@-webkit-keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
  }
}

<div class="popup">Click me to toggle the popup!
  <span class="popuptext" id="myPopup1">A Simple Popup! 1</span>
</div><br><br><br>
<div class="popup">Click me to toggle the popup!
  <span class="popuptext" id="myPopup2">A Simple Popup! 2</span>
</div><br><br><br>
<div class="popup">Click me to toggle the popup!
  <span class="popuptext" id="myPopup3">A Simple Popup! 3</span>
</div><br><br><br>
<div class="popup">Click me to toggle the popup!
  <span class="popuptext" id="myPopup4">A Simple Popup! 4</span>
</div><br><br><br>