java - PMD 对象构造期间调用的可覆盖方法

Question

我有以下结构

public class parent {
    int value ; 
}

public class child extends parent {
    int childValue;
    public child(){}
    public child (int value){
          this.childValue = value ; // this line cause ConstructorCallsOverridableMethod warning during object construction
    }
}

请问如何解决这个错误？

Answer 1

PMD rule说:

Calling overridable methods during construction poses a risk of invoking methods on an incompletely constructed object and can be difficult to debug. It may leave the sub-class unable to construct its superclass or forced to replicate the construction process completely within itself, losing the ability to call super(). If the default constructor contains a call to an overridable method, the subclass may be completely uninstantiable. Note that this includes method calls throughout the control flow graph - i.e., if a constructor Foo() calls a private method bar() that calls a public method buz(), this denotes a problem.

例子:

public class SeniorClass {
  public SeniorClass(){
      toString(); //may throw NullPointerException if overridden
  }
  public String toString(){
    return "IAmSeniorClass";
  }
}
public class JuniorClass extends SeniorClass {
  private String name;
  public JuniorClass(){
    super(); //Automatic call leads to NullPointerException
    name = "JuniorClass";
  }
  public String toString(){
    return name.toUpperCase();
  }
}

解决方案

删除构造函数中对可覆盖方法的任何调用或向该方法添加 final 修饰符。