python - ThreadingTCPServer 与 ThreadingMixIn HTTPServer

Question

我已经对两个服务器进行了编程，它们基本上使用不同的方法执行相同的操作。两者都是网络服务器，在套接字对象周围有一个非阻塞的 ssl 包装器。线程允许同时处理多个请求。

一个使用 ThreadingTCPServer，另一个调用 HTTPServer 模块上的 ThreadingMixIn。 我应该使用哪一个，为什么其中一个比另一个更好？

HTTPServer 上的 ThreadingMixIn:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os, ssl
from socketserver import ThreadingMixIn
from http.server import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler, HTTPServer

MYSERV_WORKDIR = "/media/kingdian/server_pub"
#MYSERV_CLIENTCRT = "/home/ran/keys/client.pem"
MYSERV_FULLCHAIN = "/home/ran/.acme.sh/example.com_ecc/fullchain.cer"
MYSERV_PRIVKEY = "/home/ran/.acme.sh/example.com_ecc/example.com.key"

global sslcontext
sslcontext = ssl.create_default_context(purpose=ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
sslcontext.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1
sslcontext.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1_1
#sslcontext.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1_2
#sslcontext.protocol = ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS
#sslcontext.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
sslcontext.set_ciphers("ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305")
sslcontext.set_ecdh_curve("secp384r1")
#sslcontext.load_verify_locations(MYSERV_CLIENTCRT)
sslcontext.load_cert_chain(MYSERV_FULLCHAIN, MYSERV_PRIVKEY)

class HSTSHandler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
    def end_headers(self):
        self.send_header("Strict-Transport-Security", "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains; preload")
        self.send_header("Content-Security-Policy", "default-src 'self'")
        self.send_header("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
        self.send_header("X-Frame-Options", "SAMEORIGIN")
        self.send_header("X-XSS-Protection", "1; mode=block")
        self.send_header("Referrer-Policy", "no-referrer")
        SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.end_headers(self)

class ThreadedHTTPServer(ThreadingMixIn, HTTPServer):
    daemon_threads = True

def main():
    try:
        os.chdir(MYSERV_WORKDIR)#auto-change working directory
        SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.sys_version = "002"#display custom Python system version
        SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.server_version = "001"#display custom server software version
        my_server = ThreadedHTTPServer(('', 443), HSTSHandler)
        my_server.socket = sslcontext.wrap_socket(my_server.socket, do_handshake_on_connect=False, server_side=True)
        print('Starting server, use <Ctrl-C> to stop')
        my_server.serve_forever()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print(' received, shutting down server')
        my_server.shutdown()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

线程TCP服务器:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os, ssl, socketserver
from http.server import SimpleHTTPRequestHandler

MYSERV_WORKDIR = "/media/kingdian/server_pub"
#MYSERV_CLIENTCRT = "/home/ran/keys/client.pem"
MYSERV_FULLCHAIN = "/home/ran/.acme.sh/example.com_ecc/fullchain.cer"
MYSERV_PRIVKEY = "/home/ran/.acme.sh/example.com_ecc/example.com.key"

global sslcontext
sslcontext = ssl.create_default_context(purpose=ssl.Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
sslcontext.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1
sslcontext.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1_1
#sslcontext.options |= ssl.OP_NO_TLSv1_2
#sslcontext.protocol = ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS
#sslcontext.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
sslcontext.set_ciphers("ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305")
sslcontext.set_ecdh_curve("secp384r1")
#sslcontext.load_verify_locations(MYSERV_CLIENTCRT)
sslcontext.load_cert_chain(MYSERV_FULLCHAIN, MYSERV_PRIVKEY)

class HSTSHandler(SimpleHTTPRequestHandler):
    def end_headers(self):
        self.send_header("Strict-Transport-Security", "max-age=63072000; includeSubDomains; preload")
        self.send_header("Content-Security-Policy", "default-src 'self'")
        self.send_header("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
        self.send_header("X-Frame-Options", "SAMEORIGIN")
        self.send_header("X-XSS-Protection", "1; mode=block")
        self.send_header("Referrer-Policy", "no-referrer")
        SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.end_headers(self)

def main():
    try:
        os.chdir(MYSERV_WORKDIR)#auto-change working directory
        SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.sys_version = "002"#display custom Python system version
        SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.server_version = "001"#display custom server software version
        my_server = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('', 443), HSTSHandler)
        my_server.socket = sslcontext.wrap_socket(my_server.socket, do_handshake_on_connect=False, server_side=True)
        print('Starting server, use <Ctrl-C> to stop')
        my_server.serve_forever()

    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print(' received, shutting down server')
        my_server.shutdown()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

Answer 1

这是获得相同最终结果的两种不同方式。如果您查看 ThreadingTCPServer 的实现，它只是:

class ThreadingTCPServer(ThreadingMixIn, TCPServer): pass

在另一个例子中，HTTPServer 只是TCPServer 的一个非常小的包装器(在server_bind 中添加了一个覆盖来存储服务器主机名和自动设置 allow_reuse_address)，然后您的代码直接添加 ThreadingMixIn。

因此，无论哪种方式，您最终都会经历相同的基本代码。 python 库中的类层次结构随着时间的推移发生了轻微的变化，因此不同的代码示例最终会以不同的组合来执行操作。

就您个人而言，对于您的示例，我发现使用 ThreadingTCPServer 的版本更干净，只是因为一个额外的类在别处处理，因此代码略小。 OTOH，另一个版本允许稍微多一些灵 active ，因为您已经定义了一个点，在该点上您可以控制线程混合的属性，此外，如果这变得重要，您还可以获得额外的 HTTPServer 包装器位给你。