python-3.x - Python 请求模块异常 SSLError

Question

当我尝试访问 http://www.acastipharma.com/ 时收到请求模块异常错误网站。我在任何其他网站上都没有遇到问题，因此我认为这是一个特定于网站的问题。这是一些示例代码

import requests
initialURL = 'http://www.acastipharma.com/'
r = requests.get(initialURL)

当我运行这段代码时，我收到一条以

结尾的错误消息

requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='www.acastipharma.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /investors/ (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE] sslv3 alert handshake failure (_ssl.c:645)'),))

互联网搜索表明问题可能出在 acastipharma 的 SSL 证书上。我尝试安装 pyopenssl 以确保我拥有检查 SSL 证书的模块的最新版本，但这并没有解决问题。我还尝试使用 verify=False 选项运行 requests.get 语句，但也没有成功。

r = requests.get(initialURL, verify=False)

如果有人对如何解决此问题有任何想法，我将不胜感激。我也尝试使用旧的 urllib.request 包，但遇到了同样的错误。

这是对我原来问题的更新:我发布的错误消息是尝试在 acastipharma 的网站子页面之一上运行请求命令，这是我运行代码时得到的完整错误消息，完全按照这个问题:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 601, in urlopen
    chunked=chunked)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 346, in _make_request
    self._validate_conn(conn)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 850, in _validate_conn
    conn.connect()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/urllib3/connection.py", line 326, in connect
    ssl_context=context)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py", line 329, in ssl_wrap_socket
    return context.wrap_socket(sock, server_hostname=server_hostname)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 376, in wrap_socket
    _context=self)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 747, in __init__
    self.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 983, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 628, in do_handshake
    self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE] sslv3 alert handshake failure (_ssl.c:645)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 440, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 639, in urlopen
    _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2])
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py", line 388, in increment
    raise MaxRetryError(_pool, url, error or ResponseError(cause))
urllib3.exceptions.MaxRetryError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='www.acastipharma.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE] sslv3 alert handshake failure (_ssl.c:645)'),))
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 72, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 58, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 508, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 640, in send
    history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 640, in <listcomp>
    history = [resp for resp in gen] if allow_redirects else []
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 218, in resolve_redirects
    **adapter_kwargs
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 618, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 506, in send
    raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='www.acastipharma.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(1, '[SSL: SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE] sslv3 alert handshake failure (_ssl.c:645)'),))

我正在使用 Python 3.5.1。我在使用 High Sierra 版本 10.13.2 的 Mac 上。我正在使用请求 2.18.4。自发布问题以来，我认为问题出在我的 IDE PyCharm 环境上。如果我使用我的 Python 3.5 环境，我会遇到这个问题中所示的问题，如果我将项目解释器切换到 Python 3.6 Anaconda 环境，请求将起作用，但不幸的是 mysql 不会导入。谢谢

Answer 1

The OpenSSL version is OpenSSL 0.9.8zh 14 Jan 2016

此(非常旧且长期不受支持的)OpenSSL 版本不支持此特定 Web 服务器所需的较新密码。此服务器仅支持 ECDHE key 交换，OpenSSL 0.9.8 尚不支持。这意味着客户端仅向服务器提供服务器不会接受的密码，并且由于没有通用密码，服务器将通过 SSL 握手警报关闭连接。