mysql - 使用 'NOT BETWEEN' 约束查询不同的记录列表

Question

我正在尝试构建一个查询，在对另一个表中的日期字段应用“NOT BETWEEN”约束后为我提供不同记录的列表。

鉴于以下...

User Table:
magicID    name
100        Greg
200        Fred

Event Table:
magicID    date
100        2011-02-24
100        2011-02-23
100        2011-02-22
200        2011-02-22

如何获取不属于特定日期范围内的不同用户的列表？我希望这是非常明确的。如果我正在寻找在 2011-02-23 和 2011-02-24 之间没有事件记录的用户，我希望得到一个结果，

200    Fred

这就是目标。但是下面的查询给了我所有用户。我希望“NOT BETWEEN”约束是明确的。

SELECT DISTINCT users.* FROM users, events WHERE events.date NOT BETWEEN '2011-02-23' AND '2011-02-24'

此查询返回所有用户...

100    Greg
200    Fred

我遗漏了一些非常基本的东西......

Answer 1

Because the values being compared will not be NULL, in MySQL the best performing option is the LEFT JOIN/IS NULL :

   SELECT u.magicid,
          u.name
     FROM USER u
LEFT JOIN EVENT e ON e.magicid = u.magicid
                 AND e.date BETWEEN '2011-02-23' AND '2011-02-24'
    WHERE e.magicid IS NULL

If the columns are nullable, NOT EXISTS is the better choice :

SELECT u.magicid,
       u.name
  FROM USER u
 WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT NULL
                     FROM EVENT e
                    WHERE e.magicid = u.magicid
                      AND e.date BETWEEN '2011-02-23' AND '2011-02-24')