mysql - #1215 - 无法添加外键约束

标签 mysql foreign-keys mysql-workbench foreign-key-relationship

我有这个 SQL 查询:

-- MySQL Script generated by MySQL Workbench
-- 11/26/14 13:26:51
-- Model: Hashtigator database layout    Version: 1.0
-- MySQL Workbench Forward Engineering

SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0;
SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;
SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='TRADITIONAL,ALLOW_INVALID_DATES';

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Schema local_sysDB
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS `local_sysDB` ;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Schema local_sysDB
-- -----------------------------------------------------
CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci ;
SHOW WARNINGS;
USE `local_sysDB` ;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`accounts`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`accounts` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`accounts` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
  `password` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `email` VARCHAR(255) NULL COMMENT 'email must be unique',
  `role` TINYINT(1) NULL DEFAULT 2 COMMENT '1 = admin, 2 = user\nDefault role is 2 (user)',
  `active` TINYINT(1) NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT 'accounts should manually be activated',
  `created` TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
  `appId` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  `appSecret` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE INDEX `accounts_email` (`email` ASC),
  UNIQUE INDEX `accounts_appKeys` (`appId` ASC, `appSecret` ASC))
ENGINE = InnoDB
AUTO_INCREMENT = 1
ROW_FORMAT = COMPRESSED;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`hashtags`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`hashtags` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`hashtags` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `hashtag` VARCHAR(255) NULL COMMENT 'hashtag must be unique. Must be saved without #',
  `accountId` INT NULL,
  `startTracking` DATETIME NULL COMMENT 'When tracking of the hashtag start',
  `endTracking` DATETIME NULL COMMENT 'When tracking of the hashtag ends',
  `trackingChannels` TINYTEXT NULL COMMENT 'JSON string with all channels that should be tracked',
  `created` TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE INDEX `hashtags_id` (`id` ASC),
  UNIQUE INDEX `hashtags_hashtag` (`hashtag` ASC),
  INDEX `hashtags_accountId_idx` (`accountId` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `hashtags_accountId`
    FOREIGN KEY (`accountId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`accounts` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`apiKeys`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`apiKeys` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`apiKeys` (
  `hashtagId` INT NOT NULL,
  `accountId` INT NULL,
  `clientId` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `clientSecret` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `subscriptionId` CHAR(8) NULL COMMENT 'used for instagram subscription',
  `subsribtionStatus` TINYINT(1) NULL COMMENT '0 = unsubscribed, 1 = subscribed',
  PRIMARY KEY (`hashtagId`),
  UNIQUE INDEX `apiKeys_unique` (`accountId` ASC, `hashtagId` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `apiKeys_accountId`
    FOREIGN KEY (`accountId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`accounts` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE,
  CONSTRAINT `apiKeys_hashtagId`
    FOREIGN KEY (`hashtagId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`hashtags` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`posts`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`posts` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`posts` (
  `hashtagId` INT NOT NULL,
  `postId` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `media` TINYINT(1) NULL,
  `duplicate` TINYINT(1) NULL,
  `sensitive` TINYINT(1) NULL,
  `source` CHAR(10) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`hashtagId`, `postId`),
  INDEX `posts_hashtagId` (`hashtagId` ASC, `postId` ASC))
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`posts_instagram`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`posts_instagram` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`posts_instagram` (
  `hashtagId` INT NOT NULL,
  `type` CHAR(8) NULL,
  `filter` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
  `caption` TEXT NULL,
  `userId` INT UNSIGNED NULL,
  `created` INT UNSIGNED NULL,
  `postId` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `urlToPost` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media` VARCHAR(255) NULL COMMENT 'First encountered media of COALESCE',
  `media1` VARCHAR(255) NULL COMMENT 'Media can be image or video',
  `media2` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media3` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media4` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`hashtagId`, `postId`),
  CONSTRAINT `posts_instagram_post`
    FOREIGN KEY (`postId` , `hashtagId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`posts` (`postId` , `hashtagId`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`posts_twitter`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`posts_twitter` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`posts_twitter` (
  `hashtagId` INT NOT NULL,
  `coordinates` POINT NULL,
  `created` INT UNSIGNED NULL,
  `filterlevel` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
  `postId` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `language` CHAR(11) NULL,
  `sensitive` TINYINT(1) NULL,
  `retweeted` TINYINT(1) NULL,
  `text` CHAR(140) NULL,
  `truncated` TINYINT(1) NULL,
  `userId` INT UNSIGNED NULL,
  `username` CHAR(15) NULL,
  `userFullname` CHAR(20) NULL,
  `media` VARCHAR(255) NULL COMMENT 'First encountered media of COALESCE',
  `media1` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media2` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media3` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media4` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`hashtagId`, `postId`),
  INDEX `posts_coordinates` (`coordinates` ASC)  COMMENT 'should be SPATIAL INDEX',
  CONSTRAINT `posts_twitter_post`
    FOREIGN KEY (`hashtagId` , `postId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`posts` (`hashtagId` , `postId`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`apiRequests`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`apiRequests` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`apiRequests` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL,
  `accountId` INT NULL,
  `ip` INT UNSIGNED NULL,
  `requestUrl` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `test` TINYINT(1) NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT 'if API request was made during a test. 1 = true, 0 = false',
  `created` TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  INDEX `apiRequests_accountId_idx` (`accountId` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `apiRequests_accountId`
    FOREIGN KEY (`accountId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`accounts` (`id`)
    ON DELETE NO ACTION
    ON UPDATE NO ACTION)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`hashtagLimit`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`hashtagLimit` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`hashtagLimit` (
  `accountId` INT NOT NULL,
  `hashtagId` INT NOT NULL,
  `postLimit` TINYINT NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`accountId`),
  UNIQUE INDEX `hashtagLimit_unique` (`hashtagId` ASC, `accountId` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `hashtagLimit_accountId`
    FOREIGN KEY (`accountId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`accounts` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE,
  CONSTRAINT `hashtagLimit_hashtagId`
    FOREIGN KEY (`hashtagId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`hashtags` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`profanity`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`profanity` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`profanity` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL,
  `filter` VARCHAR(255) NULL COMMENT 'Must be unique',
  `active` TINYINT(1) NULL DEFAULT 1 COMMENT '1 = active, 0  not active',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  UNIQUE INDEX `profanity_filter` (`filter` ASC))
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- Table `local_sysDB`.`accountProfanity`
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`accountProfanity` ;

SHOW WARNINGS;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`accountProfanity` (
  `id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `accountId` INT NULL,
  `filter` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `created` TIMESTAMP NULL DEFAULT NOW(),
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
  INDEX `accountProfanity_id` (`accountId` ASC),
  CONSTRAINT `accountProfanity_accountId`
    FOREIGN KEY (`accountId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`accounts` (`id`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE)
ENGINE = InnoDB;

SHOW WARNINGS;

SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS;
SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS;

我收到这个错误:

Error
SQL query:



CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `local_sysDB`.`posts_instagram` (
  `hashtagId` INT NOT NULL,
  `type` CHAR(8) NULL,
  `filter` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
  `caption` TEXT NULL,
  `userId` INT UNSIGNED NULL,
  `created` INT UNSIGNED NULL,
  `postId` INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  `urlToPost` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media` VARCHAR(255) NULL COMMENT 'First encountered media of COALESCE',
  `media1` VARCHAR(255) NULL COMMENT 'Media can be image or video',
  `media2` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media3` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  `media4` VARCHAR(255) NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`hashtagId`, `postId`),
  CONSTRAINT `posts_instagram_post`
    FOREIGN KEY (`postId` , `hashtagId`)
    REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`posts` (`postId` , `hashtagId`)
    ON DELETE CASCADE
    ON UPDATE CASCADE)
ENGINE = InnoDB;
MySQL said: Documentation

#1215 - Cannot add foreign key constraint

我不知道哪里出了问题。 我想在 posts 发生变化时自动更新 posts_twitter 或 posts_instagram。 我使用 mysql workbench 来创建这个查询，但我在 mysql workbench 中没有收到任何错误。

最佳答案

将代码段粘贴到命令行客户端时，SQL 代码段中的 SHOW WARNINGS 语句显示以下内容:

| Warning |  150 | Create table 'local_sysDB/posts_instagram' with foreign key constraint failed. There is no index in the referenced table where the referenced columns appear as the first columns.
| Error   | 1005 | Can't create table `local_sysDB`.`posts_instagram` (errno: 150 "Foreign key constraint is incorrectly formed")
| Warning | 1215 | Cannot add foreign key constraint

关键部分是“在被引用列作为第一列出现的引用表中没有索引。”

外键定义有:

CONSTRAINT `posts_instagram_post`
     FOREIGN KEY (`postId` , `hashtagId`)
     REFERENCES `local_sysDB`.`posts` (`postId` , `hashtagId`)

posts 表的索引是:

PRIMARY KEY (`hashtagId`, `postId`),
INDEX `posts_hashtagId` (`hashtagId` ASC, `postId` ASC))

其中的列 hashtagId 和 postID 的顺序相反 (顺便说一句，第二个 INDEX 是多余的。因为它覆盖了与主键相同的列，而 ASC 无论如何都是默认值)

您需要颠倒外键声明或 he posts 表的主键中的列顺序才能使这里的工作正常进行。

关于mysql - #1215 - 无法添加外键约束，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27149419/

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