我希望在 javafx 2.2 或至少在 javafx 8 中做这样的事情。我浏览了 Text javadoc和 css reference没有结果。
可以通过在 WebView 中显示和 svg 来实现这种效果.但是我的应用程序必须显示大量具有这种效果的文本。 WebView 是一个太重的组件,无法绘制具有这种效果的文本。
我在 oracle technology network 上问了同样的问题.
最佳答案
这是对 PathTransition 的滥用沿着 Bézier Curve 绘制文本.
该程序允许您拖动控制点来定义一条曲线,然后沿着该曲线绘制文本。文本中的字符等距分布,因此如果曲线的总长度与具有“正常”间距的文本宽度非常接近并且不对字距调整等进行调整,效果最佳。
下面的示例显示:
- 带有 glow 的曲线文字效果。
- 一些没有应用任何效果的弯曲文本。
- 用于定义绘制无效果文本的曲线路径的控制操作点。
解决方案是根据 StackOverflow 问题的答案快速破解:CubicCurve JavaFX .我相信可以通过更多的努力、时间和技能找到更好的解决方案。
因为该程序是基于转换的,所以很容易采用它,这样文本就可以按照曲线进行动画处理,在溢出时从右向左回绕(就像您在 marquee text 或股票中看到的那样)自动收报机)。
可以应用任何标准的 JavaFX 效果,例如发光、阴影等和字体更改,以从问题中的 paintshop pro 文本中获得阴影效果。发光效果是一个很好的应用在这里的效果,因为它巧妙地柔化了旋转字符周围的锯齿状边缘。
此外,此解决方案所基于的 PathTransition 可以采用任意形状作为路径的输入,因此文本可以遵循其他类型的路径,而不仅仅是三次曲线。
import javafx.animation.*;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.property.DoubleProperty;
import javafx.collections.*;
import javafx.event.*;
import javafx.scene.*;
import javafx.scene.control.ToggleButton;
import javafx.scene.effect.Glow;
import javafx.scene.input.MouseEvent;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.*;
import javafx.scene.text.Text;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.util.Duration;
/**
* Example of drawing text along a cubic curve.
* Drag the anchors around to change the curve.
*/
public class BezierTextPlotter extends Application {
private static final String CURVED_TEXT = "Bézier Curve";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
launch(args);
}
@Override
public void start(final Stage stage) throws Exception {
final CubicCurve curve = createStartingCurve();
Line controlLine1 = new BoundLine(curve.controlX1Property(), curve.controlY1Property(), curve.startXProperty(), curve.startYProperty());
Line controlLine2 = new BoundLine(curve.controlX2Property(), curve.controlY2Property(), curve.endXProperty(), curve.endYProperty());
Anchor start = new Anchor(Color.PALEGREEN, curve.startXProperty(), curve.startYProperty());
Anchor control1 = new Anchor(Color.GOLD, curve.controlX1Property(), curve.controlY1Property());
Anchor control2 = new Anchor(Color.GOLDENROD, curve.controlX2Property(), curve.controlY2Property());
Anchor end = new Anchor(Color.TOMATO, curve.endXProperty(), curve.endYProperty());
final Text text = new Text(CURVED_TEXT);
text.setStyle("-fx-font-size: 40px");
text.setEffect(new Glow());
final ObservableList<Text> parts = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
final ObservableList<PathTransition> transitions = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
for (char character : text.textProperty().get().toCharArray()) {
Text part = new Text(character + "");
part.setEffect(text.getEffect());
part.setStyle(text.getStyle());
parts.add(part);
part.setVisible(false);
transitions.add(createPathTransition(curve, part));
}
final ObservableList<Node> controls = FXCollections.observableArrayList();
controls.setAll(controlLine1, controlLine2, curve, start, control1, control2, end);
final ToggleButton plot = new ToggleButton("Plot Text");
plot.setOnAction(new PlotHandler(plot, parts, transitions, controls));
Group content = new Group(controlLine1, controlLine2, curve, start, control1, control2, end, plot);
content.getChildren().addAll(parts);
stage.setTitle("Cubic Curve Manipulation Sample");
stage.setScene(new Scene(content, 400, 400, Color.ALICEBLUE));
stage.show();
}
private PathTransition createPathTransition(CubicCurve curve, Text text) {
final PathTransition transition = new PathTransition(Duration.seconds(10), curve, text);
transition.setAutoReverse(false);
transition.setCycleCount(PathTransition.INDEFINITE);
transition.setOrientation(PathTransition.OrientationType.ORTHOGONAL_TO_TANGENT);
transition.setInterpolator(Interpolator.LINEAR);
return transition;
}
private CubicCurve createStartingCurve() {
CubicCurve curve = new CubicCurve();
curve.setStartX(50);
curve.setStartY(200);
curve.setControlX1(150);
curve.setControlY1(300);
curve.setControlX2(250);
curve.setControlY2(50);
curve.setEndX(350);
curve.setEndY(150);
curve.setStroke(Color.FORESTGREEN);
curve.setStrokeWidth(4);
curve.setStrokeLineCap(StrokeLineCap.ROUND);
curve.setFill(Color.CORNSILK.deriveColor(0, 1.2, 1, 0.6));
return curve;
}
class BoundLine extends Line {
BoundLine(DoubleProperty startX, DoubleProperty startY, DoubleProperty endX, DoubleProperty endY) {
startXProperty().bind(startX);
startYProperty().bind(startY);
endXProperty().bind(endX);
endYProperty().bind(endY);
setStrokeWidth(2);
setStroke(Color.GRAY.deriveColor(0, 1, 1, 0.5));
setStrokeLineCap(StrokeLineCap.BUTT);
getStrokeDashArray().setAll(10.0, 5.0);
}
}
// a draggable anchor displayed around a point.
class Anchor extends Circle {
Anchor(Color color, DoubleProperty x, DoubleProperty y) {
super(x.get(), y.get(), 10);
setFill(color.deriveColor(1, 1, 1, 0.5));
setStroke(color);
setStrokeWidth(2);
setStrokeType(StrokeType.OUTSIDE);
x.bind(centerXProperty());
y.bind(centerYProperty());
enableDrag();
}
// make a node movable by dragging it around with the mouse.
private void enableDrag() {
final Delta dragDelta = new Delta();
setOnMousePressed(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent mouseEvent) {
// record a delta distance for the drag and drop operation.
dragDelta.x = getCenterX() - mouseEvent.getX();
dragDelta.y = getCenterY() - mouseEvent.getY();
getScene().setCursor(Cursor.MOVE);
}
});
setOnMouseReleased(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent mouseEvent) {
getScene().setCursor(Cursor.HAND);
}
});
setOnMouseDragged(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent mouseEvent) {
double newX = mouseEvent.getX() + dragDelta.x;
if (newX > 0 && newX < getScene().getWidth()) {
setCenterX(newX);
}
double newY = mouseEvent.getY() + dragDelta.y;
if (newY > 0 && newY < getScene().getHeight()) {
setCenterY(newY);
}
}
});
setOnMouseEntered(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent mouseEvent) {
if (!mouseEvent.isPrimaryButtonDown()) {
getScene().setCursor(Cursor.HAND);
}
}
});
setOnMouseExited(new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
@Override
public void handle(MouseEvent mouseEvent) {
if (!mouseEvent.isPrimaryButtonDown()) {
getScene().setCursor(Cursor.DEFAULT);
}
}
});
}
// records relative x and y co-ordinates.
private class Delta {
double x, y;
}
}
// plots text along a path defined by provided bezier control points.
private static class PlotHandler implements EventHandler<ActionEvent> {
private final ToggleButton plot;
private final ObservableList<Text> parts;
private final ObservableList<PathTransition> transitions;
private final ObservableList<Node> controls;
public PlotHandler(ToggleButton plot, ObservableList<Text> parts, ObservableList<PathTransition> transitions, ObservableList<Node> controls) {
this.plot = plot;
this.parts = parts;
this.transitions = transitions;
this.controls = controls;
}
@Override
public void handle(ActionEvent actionEvent) {
if (plot.isSelected()) {
for (int i = 0; i < parts.size(); i++) {
parts.get(i).setVisible(true);
final Transition transition = transitions.get(i);
transition.stop();
transition.jumpTo(Duration.seconds(10).multiply((i + 0.5) * 1.0 / parts.size()));
// just play a single animation frame to display the curved text, then stop
AnimationTimer timer = new AnimationTimer() {
int frameCounter = 0;
@Override
public void handle(long l) {
frameCounter++;
if (frameCounter == 1) {
transition.stop();
stop();
}
}
};
timer.start();
transition.play();
}
plot.setText("Show Controls");
} else {
plot.setText("Plot Text");
}
for (Node control : controls) {
control.setVisible(!plot.isSelected());
}
for (Node part : parts) {
part.setVisible(plot.isSelected());
}
}
}
}
另一种可能的解决方案是在不使用 PathTransition 的情况下测量每个文本字符并进行数学运算以插入文本位置和旋转。但是 PathTransition 已经存在并且对我来说工作得很好(也许文本进步的曲线距离测量无论如何都会挑战我)。
其他问题的答案
Do you think it is possible to implement a javafx.scene.effect.Effect by adapting your code?
没有。实现效果需要执行沿贝塞尔曲线显示文本的数学运算,我的答案没有提供(因为它只是采用现有的 PathTransition 来执行此操作)。
此外,JavaFX 2.2 中没有用于实现您自己的自定义效果的公共(public) API。
有一个现有的 DisplacementMap也许可以用来获得类似的效果。但是,我觉得使用 DisplacementMap 效果(以及调整文本布局的任何效果)可能会扭曲文本。
IMO,沿着贝塞尔曲线书写文本与布局相关而不是效果相关 - 最好调整字符的布局和旋转而不是使用效果来移动它们。
Or may be there is a better way for integrating it properly in the JFX framework ?
您可以将 Pane 子类化并创建类似于 FlowPane 的自定义 PathLayout ,但沿路径而不是直线布置节点。要布置的节点由每个字符的文本节点组成,类似于我在回答中所做的。但即便如此,您也无法真正准确地呈现文本,因为您想要考虑按比例间隔的字母等因素,kerning等。因此,为了完全保真和准确,您需要实现自己的低级文本布局算法。如果是我,只有在这个答案中使用 PathTransitions 提供的“足够好”的解决方案结果证明对您来说质量不够高时,我才会去做那件事。
关于java - 如何沿着贝塞尔曲线书写文字?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17300457/