android - 真的有办法在 Android 上验证 XML 文档吗？

Question

我已经阅读了 Stack Overflow、Android Developers 和其他许多网站上有关验证 XML 文件的所有帖子(针对 DTD 或 XSD，这并不重要)，但所提出的解决方案都没有真正起作用。当我尝试显示的代码时:

http://developer.android.com/reference/javax/xml/validation/package-summary.html

我收到一条异常，指出不支持 XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI。我读到这与 JAXP 库上的一个错误有关，该错误应该在 Java 1.6 中修复，但事实上，它尚未修复。

以前有人这样做过吗？ SAXParser 是验证 XML 文件的唯一方法吗？

最诚挚的问候， 哈比

Answer 1

我有 Xerces-for-Android 可以为我工作。我也遇到了同样的问题，网上几乎没有任何有用的引用资料...所以希望以下内容能够给您足够的帮助:)

我使用的总体思路:

1. 创建验证实用程序。
2. 将 xml 和 xsd 获取到 Android 操作系统上的文件中，并对其使用验证实用程序。
3. 使用 Xerces-For-Android 进行验证。

Android 确实支持一些我们可以使用的包，我基于: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/xml/validation/package-summary.html 创建了我的 xml 验证实用程序

我最初的沙盒测试使用 java 非常顺利，然后我尝试将其移植到 Dalvik 并发现我的代码无法工作。有些东西与 Dalvik 的支持不同，所以我做了一些修改。

我找到了对 android 的 xerces 的引用，因此我修改了我的沙盒测试(以下内容不适用于 android，此后的示例适用):

import java.io.File;

import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Source;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import javax.xml.validation.Schema;
import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;
import javax.xml.validation.Validator;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;

/**
 * A Utility to help with xml communication validation.
 */
public class XmlUtil {

    /**
     * Validation method. 
     * Base code/example from: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/api/javax/xml/validation/package-summary.html
     * 
     * @param xmlFilePath The xml file we are trying to validate.
     * @param xmlSchemaFilePath The schema file we are using for the validation. This method assumes the schema file is valid.
     * @return True if valid, false if not valid or bad parse. 
     */
    public static boolean validate(String xmlFilePath, String xmlSchemaFilePath) {

        // parse an XML document into a DOM tree
        DocumentBuilder parser = null;
        Document document;

        // Try the validation, we assume that if there are any issues with the validation
        // process that the input is invalid.
        try {
            // validate the DOM tree
            parser = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
            document = parser.parse(new File(xmlFilePath));

            // create a SchemaFactory capable of understanding WXS schemas
            SchemaFactory factory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI);

            // load a WXS schema, represented by a Schema instance
            Source schemaFile = new StreamSource(new File(xmlSchemaFilePath));
            Schema schema = factory.newSchema(schemaFile);

            // create a Validator instance, which can be used to validate an instance document
            Validator validator = schema.newValidator();
            validator.validate(new DOMSource(document));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // Catches: SAXException, ParserConfigurationException, and IOException.
            return false;
        }     

        return true;
    }
}

上面的代码必须进行一些修改才能与 Android 的 xerces ( http://gc.codehum.com/p/xerces-for-android/ ) 一起使用。您需要SVN来获取项目，以下是一些crib笔记:

download xerces-for-android
    download silk svn (for windows users) from http://www.sliksvn.com/en/download
        install silk svn (I did complete install)
        Once the install is complete, you should have svn in your system path.
        Test by typing "svn" from the command line.
        I went to my desktop then downloaded the xerces project by:
            svn checkout http://xerces-for-android.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ xerces-for-android-read-only
        You should then have a new folder on your desktop called xerces-for-android-read-only

有了上面的jar(最终我会把它做成一个jar，直接复制到我的源代码中进行快速测试。如果你想这样做，你可以用Ant快速制作jar( http://ant.apache.org/manual/using.html ) )，我能够得到以下内容来进行我的 xml 验证:

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import mf.javax.xml.transform.Source;
import mf.javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import mf.javax.xml.validation.Schema;
import mf.javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;
import mf.javax.xml.validation.Validator;
import mf.org.apache.xerces.jaxp.validation.XMLSchemaFactory;

import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

/**
 * A Utility to help with xml communication validation.
 */public class XmlUtil {

    /**
     * Validation method. 
     * 
     * @param xmlFilePath The xml file we are trying to validate.
     * @param xmlSchemaFilePath The schema file we are using for the validation. This method assumes the schema file is valid.
     * @return True if valid, false if not valid or bad parse or exception/error during parse. 
     */
    public static boolean validate(String xmlFilePath, String xmlSchemaFilePath) {

        // Try the validation, we assume that if there are any issues with the validation
        // process that the input is invalid.
        try {
            SchemaFactory  factory = new XMLSchemaFactory();
            Source schemaFile = new StreamSource(new File(xmlSchemaFilePath));
            Source xmlSource = new StreamSource(new File(xmlFilePath));
            Schema schema = factory.newSchema(schemaFile);
            Validator validator = schema.newValidator();
            validator.validate(xmlSource);
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            return false;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return false;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // Catches everything beyond: SAXException, and IOException.
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        } catch (Error e) {
            // Needed this for debugging when I was having issues with my 1st set of code.
            e.printStackTrace();
            return false;
        }

        return true;
    }
}

一些旁注:

为了创建文件，我制作了一个简单的文件实用程序来将字符串写入文件:

public static void createFileFromString(String fileText, String fileName) {
    try {
        File file = new File(fileName);
        BufferedWriter output = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));
        output.write(fileText);
        output.close();
    } catch ( IOException e ) {
       e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

我还需要写入我有权访问的区域，因此我使用了:

String path = this.getActivity().getPackageManager().getPackageInfo(getPackageName(), 0).applicationInfo.dataDir;   

有点黑客，但它有效。我确信有一种更简洁的方法可以做到这一点，但是我想我应该分享我的成功，因为我没有找到任何好的例子。