android setText 使我的应用程序崩溃

Question

我在 Android 16 (4.1) 应用上使用 setText() 方法时遇到问题。我试图以编程方式将任何内容放入 TextView tvopis (这里只是一些测试字符串，稍后我计划将 Intent 中的字符串放入其中)。 当我打开 Activity opis 时，应用程序崩溃。如果我评论 setText() 部分，一切正常。

这是java代码

package com.example.pierwszyandroid;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.ActionBar;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.os.Build;

public class OpisActivity extends Activity {

    public TextView tvopis;
    String txt;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_opis);
         tvopis = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvotest);

         tvopis.setText("txt test");


        if (savedInstanceState == null) {
            getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.container, new PlaceholderFragment()).commit();
        }
    }

这是此 Activity 的fragment_opis.xml:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="com.example.pierwszyandroid.OpisActivity$PlaceholderFragment" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tvotest"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:text="@string/hello_world" />

</RelativeLayout>

这是activity_opis.xml

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.pierwszyandroid.OpisActivity"
    tools:ignore="MergeRootFrame" />

这是带有错误消息的 logcat:

04-18 10:44:59.665: I/Choreographer(723): Skipped 206 frames!  The application may be doing too much work on its main thread.
04-18 10:46:34.016: I/Choreographer(723): Skipped 41 frames!  The application may be doing too much work on its main thread.
04-18 10:46:34.135: D/AndroidRuntime(723): Shutting down VM
04-18 10:46:34.135: W/dalvikvm(723): threadid=1: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x2bc9a300)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.pierwszyandroid/com.example.pierwszyandroid.OpisActivity}: java.lang.NullPointerException
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2059)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2084)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.app.ActivityThread.access$600(ActivityThread.java:130)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1195)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4745)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:786)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:553)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at com.example.pierwszyandroid.OpisActivity.onCreate(OpisActivity.java:25)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5008)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1079)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2023)
04-18 10:46:34.155: E/AndroidRuntime(723):  ... 11 more

任何帮助将非常感激，因为我找不到已经发布的类似问题的任何答案。

Answer 1

如果您查看日志猫，您会发现当您尝试将文本设置到 TextView 时出现空指针异常(OpisActivity 中的第 25 行)。

这意味着在布局中找不到 txt View ，因此无法初始化。由于您的 TextView 位于 fragment 中，因此您必须首先将 fragment 添加到布局中，然后找到 View 。

要解决您的问题，请将 findById 和 setText 方法移到 onCreate 方法中的 fragment 初始化之后，如下所示:

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_opis);

    if (savedInstanceState == null) {
        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().add(R.id.container, new PlaceholderFragment()).commit();
    }

     tvopis = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvotest);
     tvopis.setText("txt test");
}