我有一个动态网页,它应该处理两种表单:登录表单 和注册表单。我正在使用 WTForms 来处理这两种形式,但我在处理这两种形式时遇到了一些麻烦,因为两种形式都呈现在同一页面上。
以下是我网页的登录表单的代码:
PYTHON:
class Login(Form):
login_user = TextField('Username', [validators.Required()])
login_pass = PasswordField('Password', [validators.Required()])
@application.route('/index', methods=('GET', 'POST'))
def index():
l_form = Login(request.form, prefix="login-form")
if request.method == 'POST' and l_form.validate():
check_login = cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '%s' AND pwd = '%s'"
% (l_form.login_user.data, hashlib.sha1(l_form.login_pass.data).hexdigest()))
if check_login == True:
conn.commit()
return redirect(url_for('me'))
return render_template('index.html', lform=l_form)
HTML:
<form name="lform" method="post" action="/index">
{{ lform.login_user }}
{{ lform.login_pass }}
<input type="submit" value="Login" />
</form>
以下是我网页的register表单的代码:
PYTHON:
class Register(Form):
username = TextField('Username', [validators.Length(min=1, max = 12)])
password = PasswordField('Password', [
validators.Required(),
validators.EqualTo('confirm_password', message='Passwords do not match')
])
confirm_password = PasswordField('Confirm Password')
email = TextField('Email', [validators.Length(min=6, max=35)])
@application.route('/index', methods=('GET','POST'))
def register():
r_form = Register(request.form, prefix="register-form")
if request.method == 'POST' and r_form.validate():
check_reg = cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '%s' OR `e-mail` = '%s'"
% (r_form.username.data, r_form.email.data))
if check_reg == False:
cursor.execute("INSERT into users (username, pwd, `e-mail`) VALUES ('%s','%s','%s')"
% (r_form.username.data, hashlib.sha1(r_form.password.data).hexdigest(), check_email(r_form.email.data)))
conn.commit()
return redirect(url_for('index'))
return render_template('index.html', rform=r_form)
HTML:
<form name="rform" method="post" action="/index">
{{ rform.username }}
{{ rform.email }}
{{ rform.password }}
{{ rform.confirm_password }}
<input type="submit" value="Register />
</form>
当我继续加载网页时出现以下错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1836, in __call__
return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1820, in wsgi_app
response = self.make_response(self.handle_exception(e))
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1403, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1817, in wsgi_app
response = self.full_dispatch_request()
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1477, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1381, in handle_user_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1475, in full_dispatch_request
rv = self.dispatch_request()
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\app.py", line 1461, in dispatch_request
return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\main.py", line 36, in index
return render_template('index.html', lform=l_form)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\templating.py", line 128, in render_template
context, ctx.app)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\flask\templating.py", line 110, in _render
rv = template.render(context)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 969, in render
return self.environment.handle_exception(exc_info, True)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 742, in handle_exception
reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\templates\default\index.html", line 52, in top-level template code
{{ rform.username }}
File "C:\Users\HTVal_000\Desktop\innoCMS\virtualenv\lib\site-packages\jinja2\environment.py", line 397, in getattr
return getattr(obj, attribute)
UndefinedError: 'rform' is undefined
据我了解,表格之间存在冲突,因为根据回溯:
return render_template('index.html', lform=l_form)
返回以下错误:
UndefinedError: 'rform' is undefined
当脚本看到:
{{ rform.username }}
{{ rform.email }}
{{ rform.password }}
{{ rform.confirm_password }}
但它完全忽略了:
{{ lform.login_user }}
{{ lform.login_pass }}
这可能有点令人困惑,我也很困惑,我希望以前有人遇到过这个问题,以便我也能解决它。
最佳答案
这有点令人困惑,因为您在 index() 和 register() 上都渲染了 index.html,并且都注册了相同的路由 (@application.route('/index')
) .当您将表单提交到 /index
时,只有其中一个会被调用。你也可以
- 将所有逻辑放在一个索引函数中,然后查看哪种形式(如果有)是有效的。
- 分离你的逻辑,只提交相关的表单
通常,您希望分离逻辑,即使您希望在同一页面上同时显示登录和注册。所以我会尝试向您展示正确的方向:-)
例如,首先将您的登录和注册 View 分开,现在它们将只检查与它们相关的表单的逻辑:
class Login(Form):
login_user = TextField('Username', [validators.Required()])
login_pass = PasswordField('Password', [validators.Required()])
class Register(Form):
username = TextField('Username', [validators.Length(min=1, max = 12)])
password = PasswordField('Password', [
validators.Required(),
validators.EqualTo('confirm_password', message='Passwords do not match')
])
confirm_password = PasswordField('Confirm Password')
email = TextField('Email', [validators.Length(min=6, max=35)])
@application.route('/login', methods=['POST'])
def index():
l_form = Login(request.form, prefix="login-form")
if l_form.validate():
check_login = cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '%s' AND pwd = '%s'"
% (l_form.login_user.data, hashlib.sha1(l_form.login_pass.data).hexdigest()))
if check_login == True:
conn.commit()
return redirect(url_for('me'))
return render_template('index.html', lform=l_form, rform=Register())
@application.route('/register', methods=['POST'])
def register():
r_form = Register(request.form, prefix="register-form")
if r_form.validate():
check_reg = cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = '%s' OR `e-mail` = '%s'"
% (r_form.username.data, r_form.email.data))
if check_reg == False:
cursor.execute("INSERT into users (username, pwd, `e-mail`) VALUES ('%s','%s','%s')"
% (r_form.username.data, hashlib.sha1(r_form.password.data).hexdigest(), check_email(r_form.email.data)))
conn.commit()
return redirect(url_for('index'))
return render_template('index.html', lform=Login(), rform=r_form)
@application.route('/index')
def index():
# If user is logged in, show useful information here, otherwise show login and register
return render_template('index.html', lform=Login(), rform=Register())
然后,创建一个显示两种形式的 index.html 并将它们发送到正确的方向。
<form name="lform" method="post" action="{{ url_for('login') }}">
{{ lform.login_user }}
{{ lform.login_pass }}
<input type="submit" value="Login" />
</form>
<form name="rform" method="post" action="{{ url_for('register') }}">
{{ rform.username }}
{{ rform.email }}
{{ rform.password }}
{{ rform.confirm_password }}
<input type="submit" value="Register" />
</form>
代码未经测试,因此可能存在错误,但我希望它能让您朝着正确的方向前进。请注意,我们在所有对 render('index.html', ...) 的调用中都传递了 lform 和 rform。
进一步改进/重构的简单方法:使用一个函数来检查现有用户(您的 SELECT
语句)并使用 Jinja2 的包含或宏来处理模板中的各个表单。
关于python - WTForms:同一页面上的两种形式?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21949452/