java - Apache POI写图文excel

Question

我在同一个单元格中写入图像和文本时遇到问题以及类似于 StackOverflow 的问题 on addding image and text in same cell in excel和 POI Excel HSSFPicture Image and ALT TEXT ，但预期的输出不同，我无法弄清楚我的代码有什么问题？ 和预期的输出如下

这是我的代码；

            Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
            Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("Sheet1");

            //FileInputStream obtains input bytes from the image file
            InputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(k_pipe_img_file);
            //Get the contents of an InputStream as a byte[].
            byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(inputStream);
            //Adds a picture to the workbook
            int pictureIdx = workbook.addPicture(bytes, Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG);
            //close the input stream
            inputStream.close();

            //Returns an object that handles instantiating concrete classes
            CreationHelper helper = workbook.getCreationHelper();

            //Creates the top-level drawing patriarch.
            Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();

            ClientAnchor anchor1 = new XSSFClientAnchor();
            anchor1.setAnchorType(ClientAnchor.AnchorType.DONT_MOVE_AND_RESIZE);

            anchor1.setCol1(1);
            anchor1.setCol2(1);
            anchor1.setRow1(2);
            anchor1.setRow2(2);

            //Creates a picture
            Picture pict = drawing.createPicture(anchor1, pictureIdx);
            pict.resize(1, 1);

            Row row = sheet.createRow(2);
            row.setHeight((short) 4000);

            sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 4000);
            Cell cell = row.createCell(0, CellType.STRING);
            cell.setCellValue("Task 1");

            sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 5000);
            cell = row.createCell(1, CellType.STRING);
            cell.setCellValue("Replace Kemplon-Pipe");
            CellStyle style=row.getSheet().getWorkbook().createCellStyle();
            style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.TOP);
            cell.setCellStyle(style);

            //Write the Excel file
            FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(k_Task_file);
            workbook.write(fileOut);
            fileOut.close();

代码输出:

图像占据整个单元格，文本在图像后面。

有什么可能的解决方案吗？

Answer 1

在 Excel 工作表中，图片不在单元格中，而是悬停在单元格上方的图层中。它们以下列方式锚定到单元格:

一个单格 anchor 决定了图片的左上角位置。如果使用，必须将图片调整为原始大小。

两个单元格的 anchor 决定了图片的左上位置和大小。第一个 anchor 确定左上角的位置，而第二个 anchor 确定右下角的位置。所以给出图片的尺寸。

每个 anchor 可以有给定的行和列，还有 dx 和 dy。 dx 和 dy 将添加到列和行的位置以确定最终位置。 dx 和dy 的测量单位是EMU。 Apache poi 提供 org.apache.poi.util.Units例如，从点或像素计算 EMU。

其中一个问题是 apache poi 有一种方法可以获取以像素为单位的列宽，而它只有一种方法可以获取以磅为单位的行高。因此，我们需要考虑两种不同的测量单位。

另一个问题是，如果我们要尊重图片的宽高比，那么我们需要先确定图片文件的原生大小。如何在 Java 中获取 jpg 文件的原始大小有很多问题/答案。所有的答案都非常复杂，在我看来没有一个是真正好的。

以下示例将图片定位在单元格 B3 上，距离单元格左边框 20px，距离顶部单元格边框 20pt，宽度距离右单元格边框最多 20px，高度距离底部最多 10pt单元格边框。

import java.io.*;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.*;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.ClientAnchor.AnchorType;
import org.apache.poi.util.IOUtils;
import org.apache.poi.util.Units;

public class ExcelDrawImagesOverCell {

 private static void drawImageOnExcelSheet(XSSFSheet sheet, int row, int col, 
  int left/*in px*/, int top/*in pt*/, int width/*in px*/, int height/*in pt*/, int pictureIdx) throws Exception {

  CreationHelper helper = sheet.getWorkbook().getCreationHelper();

  Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();

  ClientAnchor anchor = helper.createClientAnchor();
  anchor.setAnchorType(AnchorType.MOVE_AND_RESIZE);

  anchor.setCol1(col); //first anchor determines upper left position
  anchor.setRow1(row);
  anchor.setDx1(Units.pixelToEMU(left)); //dx = left in px
  anchor.setDy1(Units.toEMU(top)); //dy = top in pt

  anchor.setCol2(col); //second anchor determines bottom right position
  anchor.setRow2(row); 
  anchor.setDx2(Units.pixelToEMU(left + width)); //dx = left + wanted width in px
  anchor.setDy2(Units.toEMU(top + height)); //dy= top + wanted height in pt

  drawing.createPicture(anchor, pictureIdx);

 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  Workbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();

  CellStyle styleVertAlingTop = wb.createCellStyle();
  styleVertAlingTop.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.TOP);

  Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
  sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 15 * 256); //15 default characters width
  sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 30 * 256); //30 default characters width

  Row row = sheet.createRow(2);
  row.setHeight((short)(100 * 20)); //100pt height * 20 = twips (twentieth of an inch point)

  Cell cell = row.createCell(0);
  cell.setCellValue("Task 1");

  cell = row.createCell(1);
  cell.setCellValue("Replace Kemplon-Pipe");
  cell.setCellStyle(styleVertAlingTop);

  InputStream is = new FileInputStream("samplePict.jpeg");
  byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
  int pictureIdx = wb.addPicture(bytes, Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG);
  is.close();

  int left = 20; // 20px
  int top = 20; // 20pt
  int width = Math.round(sheet.getColumnWidthInPixels(1) - left - left); //width in px
  int height = Math.round(row.getHeightInPoints() - top - 10/*pt*/); //height in pt

  drawImageOnExcelSheet((XSSFSheet)sheet, 2, 1, left, top, width, height, pictureIdx);

  wb.write(new FileOutputStream("ExcelDrawImagesOverCell.xlsx"));
  wb.close();
 }
}

结果: