java - 新手的几个问题

Question

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class CSE141HW5 implements ActionListener
{

    public static void main (String[] args)
    {
        new CSE141HW5();

    }


    /*  Instance Variables */

    private JFrame gameWindow = new JFrame ("Tic-Tac-Toe");
    private int [][] winningCombinations = new int[][] {{0, 1, 2}, {3, 4, 5}, {6, 7, 8}, {0, 3, 6}, {1, 4, 7}, {2, 5, 8}, {0, 4, 8}, {2, 4, 6}};
    private JButton buttons[] = new JButton [9];
    private int count = 0;
    private String mark = "";
    private boolean win = false;

    public CSE141HW5()
    {

        /* Creating gameWindow */

        Container con = gameWindow.getContentPane();
        con.setBackground(Color.WHITE);

        gameWindow.setVisible (true);
        gameWindow.setSize (220,220);
        gameWindow.setDefaultCloseOperation (JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        gameWindow.setLayout (new GridLayout (3, 3));
        gameWindow.setLocation (830, 400);
        gameWindow.setBackground(Color.WHITE);



        /* Adding Buttons */

        for (int i = 0; i <= 8; i++)
        {
            buttons[i] = new JButton ();
            gameWindow.add (buttons [i]);
            buttons[i].addActionListener (this);
            buttons[i].setBackground(Color.WHITE);

        }    


    }


    /* When an object clicked... */

    public void actionPerformed (ActionEvent click)
    {
        JButton pressedButton = (JButton)click.getSource();
        /* Whose turn? */

        if ((count % 2) == 0)
        {
            mark = "O";
            pressedButton.setBackground(Color.CYAN);
        }
        else
        {
            mark = "X";
            pressedButton.setBackground(Color.yellow);
        }


        /* Write the letter to the button and deactivate it */


        pressedButton.setText (mark);
        pressedButton.setEnabled (false);


        /* Determining that who won */

        for (int i = 0; i <= 7; i++)
        {
            if (buttons[winningCombinations[i][0]].getText().equals(buttons[winningCombinations[i][1]].getText()) 
                && buttons[winningCombinations[i][1]].getText().equals(buttons[winningCombinations[i][2]].getText()) 
                    && buttons[winningCombinations[i][0]].getText() != "") win = true;
        }


        /* Ending Dialog */

        if (win == true)
        {
            byte response = (byte) (JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, mark + " won!\nPlay again?", "Homework 5", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE));
            if (response == 0) new CSE141HW5();
            else System.exit(0);
        }

        else if (count == 8  &&  win == false)
        {
            byte response = (byte) (JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "Draw!\nPlay again?", "Homework 5", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION, JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE));
            if (response == 0) new CSE141HW5();
            else System.exit(0);
        }

        count++;             
    }

}  

我是编程新手，用 Java 编写了一个井字游戏。我想改进这个程序，但有些事情我无法处理。

1. 我已将按钮颜色更改为默认颜色，例如 Color.yellow 等。如何使用更详细的颜色？

2. 当游戏结束时，程序会要求重新玩。如果用户选择是，则会出现新的游戏窗口，但旧窗口仍然存在，这是我不喜欢的。我希望关闭旧窗口，但找不到实现方法。

3. 如果您在我的程序中发现任何您认为不必要的代码，或者如果您认为有比我所做的更好的方法，请告诉我。这样我就可以学习了。

Answer 1

I have changed buttons colors with default colors, like Color.yellow etc. How can i use more detailed color?

您可以使用自己的按钮，比方说public class XButton extends JButton。为了更好地自定义您的按钮，请覆盖方法 public void paintComponent(Graphics g)。然后你可以使用 fillRect 用标准颜色填充按钮的矩形 OR 将对象 Graphics g 转换为 Graphics2D，然后设置对象 GradientPaint()，它用线性颜色渐变填充形状。

public class XButton extends JButton {

    public XButton() {
        super();
    }

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
        Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D)g;         
        GradientPaint gp = new GradientPaint(0, 0, Color.RED, 30, 30, Color.cyan, true);                
        g2d.setPaint(gp);
        g2d.fillRect(0, 0, this.getWidth(), this.getHeight()); 
    }
}

结果如下图:

PS:在添加按钮时，将 JButton 替换为 Xbutton 即可。

---

When game overs, program asks for re-play. If user selects Yes, then new game window appears, but old window still remains, which i didn't like. I want that old windows to be closed, but couldn't find how to implement it.

您只需在 JFrame 对象 gameWindow 上使用方法 dispose()，因此您的代码中有两个地方您应该放置:

           if (response == 0){ 
                gameWindow.dispose();
                new CSE141HW5(); 
            }

有关How to programmatically close a JFrame的更多详细信息.

---

If you find any code on my program, which you think unnecessary or if you think that there is a better way than what i do, please tell me. So i can learn.

嗯，你的代码很好。如果你想改进它。 StackOverflow 不是这样做的正确地方。你最好检查一下:codereview.stackexchange.com

希望我回答了你的问题。