我有一个小问题。我正在尝试在 Tomcat 启动时启动一个方法...但我找不到我的错误...您能帮帮我吗？
网络.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>TheManager</display-name>
<listener>
<listener-class>
de.voltoviper.web.DBManager
</listener-class>
</listener>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
Java 类
package de.voltoviper.web;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
public class DBManager implements ServletContextListener {
/**
*
*/
SessionFactory factory;
Session session;
public DBManager() {
super();
}
private void init() {
System.out.println("----------");
System.out.println("---------- DBManager Initializing ----------");
System.out.println("----------");
factory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
session = factory.openSession();
System.out.println("----------");
System.out.println("---------- DBManager Initialized successfully ----------");
System.out.println("----------");
}
private void destroy(){
System.out.println("----------");
System.out.println("---------- DBManager start closing ----------");
System.out.println("----------");
session.close();
factory.close();
System.out.println("----------");
System.out.println("---------- DBManager closing successfully ----------");
System.out.println("----------");
}
public Session getSession() {
return session;
}
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
destroy();
}
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
init();
}
}
这里是控制台输出:
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
WARNUNG: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:TheManager' did not find a matching property.
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Server version: Apache Tomcat/8.0.26
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Server built: Aug 18 2015 11:38:37 UTC
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Server number: 8.0.26.0
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: OS Name: Windows 10
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: OS Version: 10.0
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Architecture: amd64
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Java Home: D:\Program Files\Java
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: JVM Version: 1.8.0_60-b27
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: CATALINA_BASE: D:\Entwicklung\workspace\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: CATALINA_HOME: D:\Entwicklung\WEBSERVER\apache-tomcat-8.0.26
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=D:\Entwicklung\workspace\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=D:\Entwicklung\WEBSERVER\apache-tomcat-8.0.26
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Command line argument: -Dwtp.deploy=D:\Entwicklung\workspace\.metadata\.plugins\org.eclipse.wst.server.core\tmp0\wtpwebapps
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Command line argument: -Djava.endorsed.dirs=D:\Entwicklung\WEBSERVER\apache-tomcat-8.0.26\endorsed
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener log
INFORMATION: Command line argument: -Dfile.encoding=Cp1252
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener lifecycleEvent
INFORMATION: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: D:\Program Files\Java\bin;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;D:/Program Files/Java/bin/server;D:/Program Files/Java/bin;D:/Program Files/Java/lib/amd64;D:\Python27\;D:\Python27\Scripts;C:\ProgramData\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Program Files (x86)\Skype\Phone\;C:\Users\Christoph Nebendahl\.dnx\bin;C:\Program Files\Microsoft DNX\Dnvm\;C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\120\Tools\Binn\;C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Web Platform Installer\;C:\Program Files (x86)\NVIDIA Corporation\PhysX\Common;C:\Program Files\OpenVPN\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Windows Performance Toolkit\;C:\Program Files (x86)\nodejs\;C:\Users\Christoph Nebendahl\AppData\Roaming\Python\Scripts;C:\Users\Christoph Nebendahl\AppData\Roaming\npm;C:\Windows\system32;;.
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFORMATION: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-80"]
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool getSharedSelector
INFORMATION: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFORMATION: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool getSharedSelector
INFORMATION: Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFORMATION: Initialization processed in 355 ms
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFORMATION: Starting service Catalina
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:46 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFORMATION: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.0.26
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
SCHWERWIEGEND: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/TheManager]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/TheManager]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Lorg/hibernate/SessionFactory;
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredFields(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredFields(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.util.Introspection.getDeclaredFields(Introspection.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadFieldsAnnotation(WebAnnotationSet.java:256)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationListenerAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:86)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.WebAnnotationSet.loadApplicationAnnotations(WebAnnotationSet.java:63)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationAnnotationsConfig(ContextConfig.java:334)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:774)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5066)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 6 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.hibernate.SessionFactory
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1332)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1166)
... 20 more
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase startInternal
SCHWERWIEGEND: A child container failed during start
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:916)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:439)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:769)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:625)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1408)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1398)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:924)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:871)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 6 more
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
SCHWERWIEGEND: The required Server component failed to start so Tomcat is unable to start.
org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardServer[8005]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:625)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardService[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.startInternal(StandardServer.java:769)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 7 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to start component [StandardEngine[Catalina]]
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:154)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal(StandardService.java:439)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 9 more
Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: A child container failed during start
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:924)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal(StandardEngine.java:262)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
... 11 more
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
INFORMATION: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-80"]
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol pause
INFORMATION: Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService stopInternal
INFORMATION: Stopping service Catalina
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
INFORMATION: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-80"]
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
SCHWERWIEGEND: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-80"]
java.lang.NullPointerException
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:304)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:480)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:818)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:532)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:859)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
INFORMATION: Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
Dez 26, 2015 8:28:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol destroy
SCHWERWIEGEND: Failed to destroy end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
java.lang.NullPointerException
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.releaseCaches(NioEndpoint.java:304)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint.unbind(NioEndpoint.java:480)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.destroy(AbstractEndpoint.java:818)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy(AbstractProtocol.java:532)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.destroyInternal(Connector.java:1023)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.destroyInternal(StandardService.java:588)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.destroyInternal(StandardServer.java:859)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.destroy(LifecycleBase.java:305)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:629)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:351)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:485)
问题是，当我从 web.xml 中删除监听器时，项目一切正常... 我以为实现这个不会那么难......我希望你们能帮助我。非常感谢!!!
最佳答案
除了@wero 对您的问题的回答之外，我还想添加一些额外的注释。您使用 session 的方式不正确，因为您在所有应用程序的生命周期内都有一个打开的 session 。 Session 不是线程安全的，因此您可能会在 servlet 中使用 getSession() 丢失数据，因为每个 servlet 都在自己单独的线程中工作。
使用 session 的最简单方法是在DBManager 中构建SessionFactory(DBManager 不是此类的合适名称)。并为每个数据库操作打开和关闭一个 session 。你可以用这个 pattern组织具有 session 和事务的工作。
关于java - 使用 ServletContextListener 进行部署时出现 Catalina 错误，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34474564/