我的代码中有一个 WriterReader 对象，它使用 FileOutputStream 和 ObjectOutputStream。因此，将对象写入文件会引发 IO 异常。我正在尝试一种方法来处理 FileNotFound 异常并抛出其他 IO 异常。此外，在处理 FileNotFound 异常时，我想使用 JUnit 5 对其进行测试。
我尝试了以下测试，使用日期作为唯一文件名，断言该文件 DNE，然后将对象写入该 DNE 的文件，这应该触发 FileNotFound 异常。在处理该异常时，我基本上创建了一个同名的新文件，并在此之前创建了目录。
代码:
@Test
void testWriteReadObjectFileNotFound() {
String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date());
File file = new File("data\\test\\" + timeStamp );
try {
assertFalse(file.exists());
System.out.println(file.exists());
String s1 = "testObj";
wr.writeObject(s1, file.getName());
String s2 = (String) wr.readObject(file.getName());
assertEquals("testObj", s2);
assertTrue(file.exists());
} catch (IOException e) {
fail();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
fail();
}
file.delete();
}
//MODIFIES: file at filepath
//EFFECTS: Writes given object to file
public void writeObject(Object serObj, String fileName) throws IOException {
FileOutputStream fileOut;
ObjectOutputStream objectOut;
try {
new FileOutputStream(filepath + fileName);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
File file = new File(filepath + fileName);
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
file.createNewFile();
} finally {
fileOut = new FileOutputStream(filepath + fileName);
objectOut = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOut);
objectOut.writeObject(serObj);
objectOut.close();
}
}
但在我的代码覆盖范围内，它显示了以下行:
catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
File file = new File(filepath + fileName);
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
file.createNewFile();
不包括在内。有人能解释一下这种情况吗？
编辑:
在我用建议更新我的代码后，现在 intelliJ 显示我的测试涵盖了 write 方法，而在线 Jacoco Code Coverage 服务显示它根本没有涵盖。
session :
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最佳答案
首先你错误地使用了try/catch结构。
您滥用异常工具作为控制结构。
应该是这样的:
public void writeObject(Object serObj, String fileName) throws
IOException {
File theFile = new File(filepath + fileName);
if(!theFile.exists()) {
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
file.createNewFile();
}
try (FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(filepath + fileName);
ObjectOutputStream objectOut = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOut)) {
objectOut.writeObject(serObj);
}
}
有了这个，您的问题就变成了:我如何测试 if block ？
您可以通过将方法的第二个参数从 String 更改为 File 来实现:
public void writeObject(Object serObj, File theFile) throws IOException {
if(!theFile.exists()) {
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
file.createNewFile();
}
try (FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(filepath + fileName);
ObjectOutputStream objectOut = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOut)) {
objectOut.writeObject(serObj);
}
}
让此方法的调用者负责创建 File 对象。
然后在您的测试中，您可以传递一个mock 作为第二个参数。 使用 Mockito 作为模拟框架，测试将如下所示:
class Test {
private String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(new Date());
@Rule
public final MethodRule mockito = MockitoJunit.rule();
@Spy
private File theFile = new File("data\\test\\" + timeStamp );
@Mock
private File theParent;
@Before
public void setup(){
doReturn(theParent).when(theFile).getParentFile();
}
@Test
void testWriteReadObjectFileNotFound() {
// arrange
doReturn(Boolean.FALSE).when(theFile).exists();
String s1 = "testObj";
// act
wr.writeObject(s1, theFile);
// assert
verify(theParent).mkdirs();
verify.(theFile).createNewFile();
}
}
关于java - 如何测试IO异常？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58401824/