我创建了一个简单的类来管理一个行为异常的树数据结构(代码如下)。当很明显这不是我的错误时,我创建了一个测试用例,它产生了同样令人费解的行为。这在 5.3 和 5.4 中是相同的。
这是我的测试用例:
<?php
class testcaseA {
public function __construct($one=0, $two=1, $three=2) {
$this->obj = new testcaseB($one++, $three, $two);
}
public function &get($what){
return $this->obj->get($what);
}
}
class testcaseB {
public function __construct($one, &$two, &$three) {
$this->one=$one;
$this->two=$two;
$this->three=$three;
echo "\$one={$one}";
}
public function &get($what){
echo "<p>You asked for $what. $what ain't no country I ever heard of.<br />";
echo "Check: [{$this->one}], {$this->two}, {$this->three}. Is this thing on?</p>";
$this->obj[$what] = new testcaseB($this->one++,$this->two,$this->three);
return $this->obj[$what];
}
}
ini_set('display_errors',1);
error_reporting(E_ALL);
$bob = new testcaseA();
$bob->get("What")->get("Spam")->get("America");
$bob->get("What")->get("EU")->get("France");
echo "<pre>";
print_r($bob);
现在我期望的输出是看到 $one 增量 1,2,3,1,2,3 的值并生成树形。
这是我实际得到的输出:
$one=0
You asked for What. What ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [0], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=0
You asked for Spam. Spam ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [0], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=0
You asked for America. America ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [0], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=0
You asked for What. What ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [1], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=1
You asked for EU. EU ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [1], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=1
You asked for France. France ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [1], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=1
testcaseA Object
(
[obj] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 2
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[What] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 2
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[EU] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 2
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[France] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 1
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
起初这让我感到困惑,但我想知道是否链接使用以我没有预料到的方式设置值。
所以我尝试了这个我在之前的代码之后添加的代码:
...same classes and initial code as before...
$a=$bob->get("What");
$b=$a->get("Spam");
$c=$b->get("America");
//$bob->get("What")
$d=$a->get("EU");
$e=$d->get("France");
print_r($bob);
这产生了一组不同但仍然不可预测的结果。
You asked for What. What ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [2], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=2
You asked for Spam. Spam ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [2], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=2
You asked for America. America ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [2], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=2
You asked for EU. EU ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [3], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=3
You asked for France. France ain't no country I ever heard of.
Check: [3], 2, 1. Is this thing on?
$one=3testcaseA Object
(
[obj] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 3
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[What] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 4
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[Spam] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 3
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[America] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 2
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
)
)
)
[EU] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 4
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[France] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 3
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
这仍然不是我所追求的行为,但它更接近。我需要的是使用一个对象链来遍历树(与第一种情况一样),一个指向值 $two 和 $three 的指针,在实际情况下它们是数组而不是交换。我不想做的是不必要地复制对象。
另一方面,我确实需要让所有对象共享一对它们都使用的变量。
我的猜测是 get()
方法可以是 byval
而不是 byref
尽管直觉上这似乎是错误的。
谁能解释一下 $one
值的作用?
还有谁能帮我理解第一个测试用例的行为,尤其是第一次对数组中的值的理解?
更新
利用这些很棒的建议,我们的测试用例现在看起来像:
class testcaseA {
public function __construct($one=0, $two=1, $three=2) {
$this->obj = new testcaseB(++$one, $three, $two);
}
public function &get($what){
return $this->obj->get($what);
}
}
class testcaseB {
public function __construct($one, &$two, &$three) {
$this->one=$one;
$this->two=$two;
$this->three=$three;
echo "[New:\$one={$one}]:";
}
//public function &get($what){
public function &get($what){
//echo "<p>You asked for $what. $what ain't no country I ever heard of.<br />";
echo "Get:{$what}:[{$this->one}]<br />";
if(!isset($this->obj[$what])){
$this->obj[$what] = new testcaseB(++$this->one,$this->two,$this->three);
}
return $this->obj[$what];
}
}
echo "STARTING:<br />";
ini_set('display_errors',1);
error_reporting(E_ALL);
echo "REALLY STARTING:<br />";
echo "<pre>";
echo "<p>One at a time:</p>";
$bob = new testcaseA();
$a=$bob->get("What");
$b=$a->get("Spam");
$c=$b->get("America");
$d=$a->get("EU");
$e=$d->get("France");
echo "<br />";
print_r($bob);
echo "<p>Chained:</p>";
$bobby = new testcaseA();
$bobby->get("What")->get("Spam")->get("America");
$bobby->get("What")->get("EU")->get("France");
echo "<br />";
print_r($bob);
其中的输出是:
STARTING:
REALLY STARTING:
One at a time:
[New:$one=1]:Get:What:[1]
[New:$one=2]:Get:Spam:[2]
[New:$one=3]:Get:America:[3]
[New:$one=4]:Get:EU:[3]
[New:$one=4]:Get:France:[4]
[New:$one=5]:
testcaseA Object
(
[obj] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 2
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[What] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 4
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[Spam] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 4
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[America] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 4
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
)
)
)
[EU] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 5
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[France] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 5
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
Chained:
[New:$one=1]:Get:What:[1]
[New:$one=2]:Get:Spam:[2]
[New:$one=3]:Get:America:[3]
[New:$one=4]:Get:What:[2]
Get:EU:[3]
[New:$one=4]:Get:France:[4]
[New:$one=5]:
testcaseA Object
(
[obj] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 2
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[What] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 4
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[Spam] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 4
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[America] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 4
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
)
)
)
[EU] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 5
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
[obj] => Array
(
[France] => testcaseB Object
(
[one] => 5
[two] => 2
[three] => 1
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
输出数字似乎正确,但 $one
不在堆栈中。
最佳答案
如果我理解您的疑惑(我认为我理解),您就会遇到 pre- and post-increment 之间的细微差别。 .这可以最容易地在代码中演示:
$a = 1;
echo $a++; // 1
echo $a; // 2
另一方面:
$a = 1;
echo ++$a; // 2
echo $a; // 2
基本上,通过将 ++
放在您增加的值之前,您将获得新值。通过将它放在后面(正如您所做的那样),您将获得旧值。
我认为您代码中的关键行是:
$this->obj[$what] = new testcaseB($this->one++,$this->two,$this->three);
...应该是这样的:
$this->obj[$what] = new testcaseB(++$this->one,$this->two,$this->three);
随着后递增,$this->one
的初始值将被带入所有后续迭代。
附带说明一下,我认为您不必担心此处通过引用返回,因为无论如何 PHP5 中的所有对象都是通过引用传递的。
关于PHP 5 : return by ref method produces unexpected results,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11313294/