foo
是一个目录嵌套很深的 Python 项目,在各个子目录下包含了约 30 个 unittest
文件。在 foo
的 setup.py
中,我有 added a custom "test" command内部运行
python -m unittest discover foo '*test.py'
请注意,这使用了 unittest
's discovery模式。
由于一些测试非常慢,我最近决定测试应该有“级别”。 this question的答案很好地解释了如何让 unittest
和 argparse
很好地协同工作。所以现在,我可以运行一个个人单元测试文件,例如foo/bar/_bar_test.py
,
python foo/bar/_bar_test.py --level=3
并且只运行 3 级测试。
问题是我无法弄清楚如何传递自定义标志(在本例中为“--level=3”,使用 discover。我尝试的一切都失败了,例如:
$ python -m unittest discover --level=3 foo '*test.py'
Usage: python -m unittest discover [options]
python -m unittest discover: error: no such option: --level
$ python -m --level=3 unittest discover foo '*test.py'
/usr/bin/python: No module named --level=3
如何将 --level=3
传递给各个单元测试?如果可能,我想避免将不同级别的测试划分到不同的文件中。
赏金编辑
赏金前(罚款)解决方案建议使用系统环境变量。这还不错,但我正在寻找更清洁的东西。
将多文件测试运行程序(即 python -m unittest discover foo '*test.py')更改为其他内容没问题,只要:
- 它允许为多文件单元测试生成单个报告。
- 它可以以某种方式支持多个测试级别(使用问题中的技术,或使用其他一些不同的机制)。
最佳答案
这不会使用 unittest discover 传递 args,但它会完成您正在尝试做的事情。
这是leveltest.py
。将它放在模块搜索路径中的某处(可能是当前目录或站点包):
import argparse
import sys
import unittest
# this part copied from unittest.__main__.py
if sys.argv[0].endswith("__main__.py"):
import os.path
# We change sys.argv[0] to make help message more useful
# use executable without path, unquoted
# (it's just a hint anyway)
# (if you have spaces in your executable you get what you deserve!)
executable = os.path.basename(sys.executable)
sys.argv[0] = executable + " -m leveltest"
del os
def _id(obj):
return obj
# decorator that assigns test levels to test cases (classes and methods)
def level(testlevel):
if unittest.level < testlevel:
return unittest.skip("test level too low.")
return _id
def parse_args():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--level', type=int, default=3)
ns, args = parser.parse_known_args(namespace=unittest)
return ns, sys.argv[:1] + args
if __name__ == "__main__":
ns, remaining_args = parse_args()
# this invokes unittest when leveltest invoked with -m flag like:
# python -m leveltest --level=2 discover --verbose
unittest.main(module=None, argv=remaining_args)
以下是如何在示例 testproject.py 文件中使用它:
import unittest
import leveltest
# This is needed before any uses of the @leveltest.level() decorator
# to parse the "--level" command argument and set the test level when
# this test file is run directly with -m
if __name__ == "__main__":
ns, remaining_args = leveltest.parse_args()
@leveltest.level(2)
class TestStringMethods(unittest.TestCase):
@leveltest.level(5)
def test_upper(self):
self.assertEqual('foo'.upper(), 'FOO')
@leveltest.level(3)
def test_isupper(self):
self.assertTrue('FOO'.isupper())
self.assertFalse('Foo'.isupper())
@leveltest.level(4)
def test_split(self):
s = 'hello world'
self.assertEqual(s.split(), ['hello', 'world'])
# check that s.split fails when the separator is not a string
with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
s.split(2)
if __name__ == '__main__':
# this invokes unittest when this file is executed with -m
unittest.main(argv=remaining_args)
然后您可以通过直接运行 testproject.py 来运行测试,例如:
~roottwo\projects> python testproject.py --level 2 -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_split (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.000s
OK (skipped=3)
~roottwo\projects> python testproject.py --level 3 -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s
OK (skipped=2)
~roottwo\projects> python testproject.py --level 4 -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_upper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s
OK (skipped=1)
~roottwo\projects> python testproject.py --level 5 -v
test_isupper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_upper (__main__.TestStringMethods) ... ok
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s
OK
通过像这样使用单元测试发现:
~roottwo\projects> python -m leveltest --level 2 -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.003s
OK (skipped=3)
~roottwo\projects> python -m leveltest --level 3 discover -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s
OK (skipped=2)
~roottwo\projects> python -m leveltest --level 4 -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s
OK (skipped=1)
~roottwo\projects> python -m leveltest discover --level 5 -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.001s
OK
或者通过指定要运行的测试用例,例如:
~roottwo\projects>python -m leveltest --level 3 testproject -v
test_isupper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... ok
test_split (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
test_upper (testproject.TestStringMethods) ... skipped 'test level too low.'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 3 tests in 0.002s
OK (skipped=2)
关于python - 使用 unittest discover 传递参数(对于 argparse),我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35270177/