javascript - 多个模态无法正常工作

Question

如果之前有人回答过这个问题，我深表歉意，但我已经盯着这段代码看了好几个小时，无法弄清楚为什么它会这样。

我有一个页面，上面有 3 个模态窗口，我正在使用 javascript 触发。现在只有一个模态窗口它工作正常，但是我尝试添加两个窗口并且第一个窗口的第一个链接触发第三个模态然后关闭功能不再起作用。

这是我的代码:

CSS:

<style>
/* The Modal (background) */
.modal {
display: none; /* Hidden by default */
position: fixed; /* Stay in place */
z-index: 1; /* Sit on top */
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%; /* Full width */
height: 100%; /* Full height */
overflow: auto; /* Enable scroll if needed */
background-color: rgb(0,0,0); /* Fallback color */
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.4); /* Black w/ opacity */
}

.modal1 {
display: none; /* Hidden by default */
position: fixed; /* Stay in place */
z-index: 1; /* Sit on top */
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%; /* Full width */
height: 100%; /* Full height */
overflow: auto; /* Enable scroll if needed */
background-color: rgb(0,0,0); /* Fallback color */
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.4); /* Black w/ opacity */
}

.modal2 {
display: none; /* Hidden by default */
position: fixed; /* Stay in place */
z-index: 1; /* Sit on top */
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%; /* Full width */
height: 100%; /* Full height */
overflow: auto; /* Enable scroll if needed */
background-color: rgb(0,0,0); /* Fallback color */
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.4); /* Black w/ opacity */
}

/* Modal Content/Box */
.modal-content {
background-color: #fefefe;
margin: 15% auto; /* 15% from the top and centered */
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #888;
width: 80%; /* Could be more or less, depending on screen size */
}

/* The Close Button */
.close {
color: #aaa;
float: right;
font-size: 28px;
font-weight: bold;
}

.close:hover,
.close:focus {
color: black;
text-decoration: none;
cursor: pointer;
}

/* Modal Header */
.modal-header {
padding: 2px 16px;
background-color: #5cb85c;
color: white;
}

/* Modal Body */
.modal-body {padding: 2px 16px;}

/* Modal Footer */
.modal-footer {
padding: 2px 16px;
background-color: #5cb85c;
color: white;
}

/* Modal Content */
.modal-content {
position: relative;
background-color: #fefefe;
margin: auto;
padding: 0;
border: 1px solid #888;
width: 80%;
box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0,0,0,0.19);
-webkit-animation-name: animatetop;
-webkit-animation-duration: 0.4s;
animation-name: animatetop;
animation-duration: 0.4s
}

/* Add Animation */
@-webkit-keyframes animatetop {
from {top: -300px; opacity: 0} 
to {top: 0; opacity: 1}
}

@keyframes animatetop {
from {top: -300px; opacity: 0}
to {top: 0; opacity: 1}
}
</style> 

HTML 和 Javascript:

<!-- Trigger/Open The Modal -->
<a href="#" id="myBtn">Open Modal 1</a>
<a href="#" id="myBtn1">Open Modal 2</a>
<a href="#" id="myBtn2">Open Modal 3</a>

<!-- modal 1 -->
<script type="text/javascript">
            function modalFun(){
                // Get the modal
                var modal = document.getElementById('myModal');

                // Get the button that opens the modal
                var btn = document.getElementById("myBtn");


                // Get the <span> element that closes the modal
                var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0];

                // When the user clicks on the button, open the modal
                btn.onclick = function() {
                    console.log(modal);
                    modal.style.display = "block";
                }

                // When the user clicks on <span> (x), close the modal
                span.onclick = function() {
                    modal.style.display = "none";
                }

                // When the user clicks anywhere outside of the modal, close it
                window.onclick = function(event) {
                    if (event.target == modal) {
                        modal.style.display = "none";
                    }
                }

                     // Get the modal
                var modal = document.getElementById('myModal1');

                // Get the button that opens the modal
                var btn = document.getElementById("myBtn1");


                // Get the <span> element that closes the modal
                var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0];

                // When the user clicks on the button, open the modal
                btn.onclick = function() {
                    console.log(modal1);
                    modal1.style.display = "block";
                }

                // When the user clicks on <span> (x), close the modal
                span.onclick = function() {
                    modal1.style.display = "none";
                }

                // When the user clicks anywhere outside of the modal, close it
                window.onclick = function(event) {
                    if (event.target == modal1) {
                        modal1.style.display = "none";
                    }
                }

                     // Get the modal
                var modal = document.getElementById('myModal2');

                // Get the button that opens the modal
                var btn = document.getElementById("myBtn2");


                // Get the <span> element that closes the modal
                var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0];

                // When the user clicks on the button, open the modal
                btn.onclick = function() {
                    console.log(modal2);
                    modal2.style.display = "block";
                }

                // When the user clicks on <span> (x), close the modal
                span.onclick = function() {
                    modal2.style.display = "none";
                }

                // When the user clicks anywhere outside of the modal, close it
                window.onclick = function(event) {
                    if (event.target == modal2) {
                        modal2.style.display = "none";
                    }
                }
            }

            window.onload=modalFun;
       </script>

<!-- Modal 1 -->
<div id="myModal" class="modal">

<!-- Modal content -->
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<span class="close">×</span>
<h2>Modal Header</h2>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Some text in the Modal Body</p>
<p>Some other text...</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<h3>Modal Footer</h3>
</div>
</div>

</div>

<!-- Modal 1 -->

<!-- Modal 2 -->

<!-- The Modal -->
<div id="myModal1" class="modal1">

<!-- Modal content -->
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<span class="close">×</span>
<h2>Modal Header2</h2>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Some text in the Modal Body</p>
<p>Some other text...</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<h3>Modal Footer</h3>
</div>
</div>

</div>

<!-- Modal 2 -->

<!-- Modal 3 -->

<!-- The Modal -->
<div id="myModal2" class="modal2">

<!-- Modal content -->
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<span class="close">×</span>
<h2>Modal Header3</h2>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<p>Some text in the Modal Body</p>
<p>Some other text...</p>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<h3>Modal Footer</h3>
</div>
</div>

</div>

<!-- Modal 3 -->

Answer 1

var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0]; 每次都返回文档中的第一个 .close。您需要获取与您的个人模式相匹配的 .close。 querySelector是一个很好的工具。尝试

var span = modal.querySelector('.close');

得到正确的。您还使用 .onclick 来设置您的事件处理程序。最好使用addEventListener :

span.addEventListener('click', function() {
  modal.style.display = 'none';
});

此外，您正在复制大量代码并更改 modal 所指的内容。最好将该功能移动到一个函数中。

function initializeModal(modalID, buttonID) {
  // Get the modal element
  var modal = document.getElementById(modalID);

  // Get the button that opens the modal
  var btn = document.getElementById(buttonID);

  // Get the <span> element that closes the modal
  var span = modal.querySelector('.close');

  // When the user clicks on the button, open the modal
  btn.addEventListener('click', function() {
    modal.style.display = "block";
  });

  // When the user clicks on <span> (x), close the modal
  span.addEventListener('click', function() {
    modal.style.display = "none";
  });

  // When the user clicks anywhere outside of the modal, close it
  window.addEventListener('click', function(event) {
    if (event.target == modal) {
      modal.style.display = "none";
    }
  });
}

综合考虑:

function initializeModal(modalID, buttonID) {
  // Get the modal element
  var modal = document.getElementById(modalID);

  // Get the button that opens the modal
  var btn = document.getElementById(buttonID);

  // Get the <span> element that closes the modal
  var span = modal.querySelector('.close');

  // When the user clicks on the button, open the modal
  btn.addEventListener('click', function() {
    modal.style.display = "block";
  });

  // When the user clicks on <span> (x), close the modal
  span.addEventListener('click', function() {
    modal.style.display = "none";
  });

  // When the user clicks anywhere outside of the modal, close it
  window.addEventListener('click', function(event) {
    if (event.target == modal) {
      modal.style.display = "none";
    }
  });
}

window.addEventListener('load', function() {
  initializeModal('myModal', 'myBtn');
  initializeModal('myModal1', 'myBtn1');
  initializeModal('myModal2', 'myBtn2');
});

/* Reuse this class for each modal */

.modal {
  display: none;
  /* Hidden by default */
  position: fixed;
  /* Stay in place */
  z-index: 1;
  /* Sit on top */
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  width: 100%;
  /* Full width */
  height: 100%;
  /* Full height */
  overflow: auto;
  /* Enable scroll if needed */
  background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
  /* Fallback color */
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
  /* Black w/ opacity */
}
/* Modal Content/Box */

.modal-content {
  background-color: #fefefe;
  margin: 15% auto;
  /* 15% from the top and centered */
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid #888;
  width: 80%;
  /* Could be more or less, depending on screen size */
}
/* The Close Button */

.close {
  color: #aaa;
  float: right;
  font-size: 28px;
  font-weight: bold;
}
.close:hover,
.close:focus {
  color: black;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}
/* Modal Header */

.modal-header {
  padding: 2px 16px;
  background-color: #5cb85c;
  color: white;
}
/* Modal Body */

.modal-body {
  padding: 2px 16px;
}
/* Modal Footer */

.modal-footer {
  padding: 2px 16px;
  background-color: #5cb85c;
  color: white;
}
/* Modal Content */

.modal-content {
  position: relative;
  background-color: #fefefe;
  margin: auto;
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid #888;
  width: 80%;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19);
  -webkit-animation-name: animatetop;
  -webkit-animation-duration: 0.4s;
  animation-name: animatetop;
  animation-duration: 0.4s
}
/* Add Animation */

@-webkit-keyframes animatetop {
  from {
    top: -300px;
    opacity: 0
  }
  to {
    top: 0;
    opacity: 1
  }
}
@keyframes animatetop {
  from {
    top: -300px;
    opacity: 0
  }
  to {
    top: 0;
    opacity: 1
  }
}

<!-- Trigger/Open The Modal -->
<a href="#" id="myBtn">Open Modal 1</a>
<a href="#" id="myBtn1">Open Modal 2</a>
<a href="#" id="myBtn2">Open Modal 3</a>

<!-- Modal 1 -->
<div id="myModal" class="modal">

  <!-- Modal content -->
  <div class="modal-content">
    <div class="modal-header">
      <span class="close">×</span>
      <h2>Modal Header</h2>
    </div>
    <div class="modal-body">
      <p>Some text in the Modal Body</p>
      <p>Some other text...</p>
    </div>
    <div class="modal-footer">
      <h3>Modal Footer</h3>
    </div>
  </div>

</div>

<!-- Modal 2 -->
<div id="myModal1" class="modal">

  <!-- Modal content -->
  <div class="modal-content">
    <div class="modal-header">
      <span class="close">×</span>
      <h2>Modal Header2</h2>
    </div>
    <div class="modal-body">
      <p>Some text in the Modal Body</p>
      <p>Some other text...</p>
    </div>
    <div class="modal-footer">
      <h3>Modal Footer</h3>
    </div>
  </div>

</div>

<!-- Modal 3 -->
<div id="myModal2" class="modal">
  <!-- Modal content -->
  <div class="modal-content">
    <div class="modal-header">
      <span class="close">×</span>
      <h2>Modal Header3</h2>
    </div>
    <div class="modal-body">
      <p>Some text in the Modal Body</p>
      <p>Some other text...</p>
    </div>
    <div class="modal-footer">
      <h3>Modal Footer</h3>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>