python - 为什么我收到 SyntaxError : (unicode error) 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0x96 in position 0: invalid start byte

Question

我从 API 获取了一些 json 数据。我使用了 json.loads，然后将其打印到 REPL，如下所示。

  {'warnings': {'query': {'*': "Formatting of continuation data will be changing soon. To continue using the current formatting, use the 'rawcontinue' parameter. To begin using the new format, pass an empty string for 'continue' in the initial query."}}, 'query-continue': {'links': {'plcontinue': '25618423|10|R_from_other_capitalisation', 'gplcontinue': "15095968|0|1991_US_Open_-_Women's_Doubles"}}, 'query': {'pages': {'32203010': {'pageid': 32203010, 'title': "1988 Australian Open - Women's Doubles", 'ns': 0}, '25618558': {'pageid': 25618558, 'title': "1984 Wimbledon Championships - Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, '29486043': {'pageid': 29486043, 'title': "1984 Wimbledon Championships - Women's Doubles", 'ns': 0}, '25618819': {'pageid': 25618819, 'title': "1986 US Open - Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, '25619314': {'pageid': 25619314, 'title': "1989 US Open - Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, '25618668': {'pageid': 25618668, 'title': "1985 US Open - Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, '25618857': {'pageid': 25618857, 'title': "1987 Australian Open - Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, '25618423': {'links': [{'title': "1983 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, {'title': 'Wikipedia:Mainspace', 'ns': 4}, {'title': 'Template:R from long name', 'ns': 10}], 'pageid': 25618423, 'title': "1983 Wimbledon Championships - Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, '23826062': {'links': [{'title': "1984 French Open – Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, {'title': 'Wikipedia:Mainspace', 'ns': 4}, {'title': 'Template:R from long name', 'ns': 10}, {'title': 'Template:R from other capitalisation', 'ns': 10}, {'title': 'Template:R from plural', 'ns': 10}, {'title': 'Template:R from short name', 'ns': 10}, {'title': 'Category:Redirects from modifications', 'ns': 14}], 'pageid': 23826062, 'title': "1984 French Open - Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}, '25619177': {'pageid': 25619177, 'title': "1989 Australian Open - Women's Singles", 'ns': 0}}}}

然后我将该数据从 repl 复制到 .py 模块并分配给一个变量，以便我可以执行一些单元测试。但我不断收到此错误:

SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0x96 in position 0: invalid start byte

这是怎么回事？

更新:我收到错误的确切方式。我使用 Visual Studio 运行了一个脚本，该脚本使用请求和 .text 来获取数据以获取内容。然后我应用了 json.loads。我将其打印到 Visual Studio Python 3.4 Interactive(又名 REPL)。然后我使用鼠标从该 REPL 中复制并粘贴到 Visual Studio 中的 .py 文件中。

更新 2:因此，当我获取数据时，我使用请求，然后使用文本属性。当我在没有 json.loads 的情况下打印它时，它很好。但是，如果我从 REPL 复制这个“更原始”并粘贴它，它就不再是字符串，而是对象，并且 JSON 加载将不起作用。 python 3 print 函数是否打印对象，即使它应该是 json？

这是使用 Requests.text 的 API 的原始 no json.loads 输出:

{"warnings":{"query":{"*":"Formatting of continuation data will be changing soon. To continue using the current formatting, use the 'rawcontinue' parameter. To begin using the new format, pass an empty string for 'continue' in the initial query."}},"query-continue":{"links":{"plcontinue":"25618423|10|R_from_other_capitalisation","gplcontinue":"15095968|0|1991_US_Open_-_Women's_Doubles"}},"query":{"pages":{"25618423":{"pageid":25618423,"ns":0,"title":"1983 Wimbledon Championships - Women's Singles","links":[{"ns":0,"title":"1983 Wimbledon Championships \u2013 Women's Singles"},{"ns":4,"title":"Wikipedia:Mainspace"},{"ns":10,"title":"Template:R from long name"}]},"23826062":{"pageid":23826062,"ns":0,"title":"1984 French Open - Women's Singles","links":[{"ns":0,"title":"1984 French Open \u2013 Women's Singles"},{"ns":4,"title":"Wikipedia:Mainspace"},{"ns":10,"title":"Template:R from long name"},{"ns":10,"title":"Template:R from other capitalisation"},{"ns":10,"title":"Template:R from plural"},{"ns":10,"title":"Template:R from short name"},{"ns":14,"title":"Category:Redirects from modifications"}]},"29486043":{"pageid":29486043,"ns":0,"title":"1984 Wimbledon Championships - Women's Doubles"},"25618558":{"pageid":25618558,"ns":0,"title":"1984 Wimbledon Championships - Women's Singles"},"25618668":{"pageid":25618668,"ns":0,"title":"1985 US Open - Women's Singles"},"25618819":{"pageid":25618819,"ns":0,"title":"1986 US Open - Women's Singles"},"25618857":{"pageid":25618857,"ns":0,"title":"1987 Australian Open - Women's Singles"},"32203010":{"pageid":32203010,"ns":0,"title":"1988 Australian Open - Women's Doubles"},"25619177":{"pageid":25619177,"ns":0,"title":"1989 Australian Open - Women's Singles"},"25619314":{"pageid":25619314,"ns":0,"title":"1989 US Open - Women's Singles"}}}}

Answer 1

您的文本中有 EN DASH (U+2013) 字符。在 Windows-1252 编解码器中，它们映射到字节 \x96。您遇到了编码问题，但具体原因取决于您将文本复制到 .py 文件所采取的步骤。我将问题中的文本剪切并粘贴到 Notepad++ 中，并将编码设置为 ANSI 并将其分配给一个变量，结果如下:

  File "C:\temp.py", line 1
SyntaxError: unknown decode error

但是选择 UTF-8 或 UTF-8 without BOM 作为编码它可以正常工作。如果没有声明源编码的 #coding: 注释，Python 3 假定为 UTF-8。

请注意，我的美国 Windows 系统上的 ANSI 实际上是 Windows-1252。使用 ANSI 并添加 #coding:windows-1252 也可以正常工作。如果源编码与默认编码不同(Python 2 上的 ascii 和 Python 3 上的 utf-8)，Python 需要知道源编码。