我正在尝试使用 python 解析以下 xml。我不明白这是哪种类型的 xml，因为我从未处理过这种 xml。我只是从 Microsoft 的 api 响应中得到它。
现在我的问题是如何在我的 python 代码中解析和获取 BinarySecurityToken 的值。
我提到了这个问题 Parse XML SOAP response with Python
但是看起来这也有一些 xmlns 来获取文本。但是在我的 xml 中我看不到任何附近的 xmlns 值，我可以获取该值。
请告诉我如何使用 python 从 xml 下面获取特定文件的值。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<S:Envelope xmlns:S="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" xmlns:wsa="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing">
<S:Header>
<wsa:Action xmlns:S="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:wsa="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="Action" S:mustUnderstand="1">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/trust/RSTR/Issue</wsa:Action>
<wsa:To xmlns:S="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:wsa="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="To" S:mustUnderstand="1">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</wsa:To>
<wsse:Security S:mustUnderstand="1">
<wsu:Timestamp xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="TS">
<wsu:Created>2017-06-12T10:23:01Z</wsu:Created>
<wsu:Expires>2017-06-12T10:28:01Z</wsu:Expires>
</wsu:Timestamp>
</wsse:Security>
</S:Header>
<S:Body>
<wst:RequestSecurityTokenResponse xmlns:S="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:wst="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2005/02/trust" xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:assertion" xmlns:wsp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/policy" xmlns:psf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/Passport/SoapServices/SOAPFault">
<wst:TokenType>urn:passport:compact</wst:TokenType>
<wsp:AppliesTo xmlns:wsa="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing">
<wsa:EndpointReference>
<wsa:Address>https://something.something.something.com</wsa:Address>
</wsa:EndpointReference>
</wsp:AppliesTo>
<wst:Lifetime>
<wsu:Created>2017-06-12T10:23:01Z</wsu:Created>
<wsu:Expires>2017-06-13T10:23:01Z</wsu:Expires>
</wst:Lifetime>
<wst:RequestedSecurityToken>
<wsse:BinarySecurityToken Id="Compact0">my token</wsse:BinarySecurityToken>
</wst:RequestedSecurityToken>
<wst:RequestedAttachedReference>
<wsse:SecurityTokenReference>
<wsse:Reference URI="wwwww=">
</wsse:Reference>
</wsse:SecurityTokenReference>
</wst:RequestedAttachedReference>
<wst:RequestedUnattachedReference>
<wsse:SecurityTokenReference>
<wsse:Reference URI="swsw=">
</wsse:Reference>
</wsse:SecurityTokenReference>
</wst:RequestedUnattachedReference>
</wst:RequestSecurityTokenResponse>
</S:Body>
</S:Envelope>
最佳答案
此声明是根元素开始标记的一部分:
xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"
表示wsse前缀的元素(如BinarySecurityToken)在http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd 命名空间。
解决方案与链接问题的答案基本相同。这只是另一个命名空间:
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('soap.xml')
print tree.find('.//{http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd}BinarySecurityToken').text
还有另一种方法:
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
ns = {"wsse": "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"}
tree = ET.parse('soap.xml')
print tree.find('.//wsse:BinarySecurityToken', ns).text
两种情况下的输出都是my token。
参见 https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/xml.etree.elementtree.html#parsing-xml-with-namespaces .
关于python - 在 Python 中解析 soap/XML 响应，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44541913/