c++ - macOS High Sierra 10.13 上损坏的 c++ 标准库

Question

我最近买了一台新的 MacBook，我在上面转移了我的旧 session 。从那时起，在我升级到 10.13 之后，我无法编译任何东西，包括只有 iostream。
鉴于这个程序:

#include <iostream>

int main(void)
{
    std::cout << "Hello world !" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

在 g++ main.cpp 时给我这个输出:

In file included from main.cpp:1:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/iostream:38:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/ios:216:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/__locale:15:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/string:470:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/string_view:171:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/__string:56:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/algorithm:640:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/memory:629:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/typeinfo:61:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/exception:82:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/cstdlib:86:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/stdlib.h:94:
In file included from /usr/include/stdlib.h:65:
In file included from /usr/include/sys/wait.h:110:
In file included from /usr/include/sys/resource.h:72:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/stdint.h:119:
In file included from /usr/local/include/stdint.h:82:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/inttypes.h:247:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/lib/clang/9.0.0/include/inttypes.h:30:
/usr/include/inttypes.h:235:8: error: unknown type name 'intmax_t'
extern intmax_t
       ^
/usr/include/inttypes.h:236:9: error: unknown type name 'intmax_t'
imaxabs(intmax_t j);
        ^
/usr/include/inttypes.h:240:2: error: unknown type name 'intmax_t'
        intmax_t quot;
        ^
/usr/include/inttypes.h:241:2: error: unknown type name 'intmax_t'
        intmax_t rem;
        ^
/usr/include/inttypes.h:246:9: error: unknown type name 'intmax_t'
imaxdiv(intmax_t __numer, intmax_t __denom);
        ^
/usr/include/inttypes.h:246:27: error: unknown type name 'intmax_t'
imaxdiv(intmax_t __numer, intmax_t __denom);
                          ^
/usr/include/inttypes.h:250:8: error: unknown type name 'intmax_t'
extern intmax_t
       ^
/usr/include/inttypes.h:256:8: error: unknown type name 'uintmax_t'; did you
      mean 'uintptr_t'?
extern uintmax_t
       ^
/usr/include/sys/_types/_uintptr_t.h:30:24: note: 'uintptr_t' declared here
typedef unsigned long           uintptr_t;
                                ^
In file included from main.cpp:1:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/iostream:38:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/ios:216:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/__locale:15:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/string:470:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/string_view:171:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/__string:56:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/algorithm:640:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/memory:629:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/typeinfo:61:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/exception:82:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/cstdlib:86:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/stdlib.h:94:
In file included from /usr/include/stdlib.h:65:
In file included from /usr/include/sys/wait.h:110:
In file included from /usr/include/sys/resource.h:72:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/stdint.h:119:
In file included from /usr/local/include/stdint.h:82:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/inttypes.h:247:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/lib/clang/9.0.0/include/inttypes.h:30:
/usr/include/inttypes.h:263:8: error: unknown type name 'intmax_t'
extern intmax_t
       ^
/usr/include/inttypes.h:269:8: error: unknown type name 'uintmax_t'; did you
      mean 'uintptr_t'?
extern uintmax_t
       ^
/usr/include/sys/_types/_uintptr_t.h:30:24: note: 'uintptr_t' declared here
typedef unsigned long           uintptr_t;
                                ^
In file included from main.cpp:1:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/iostream:38:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/ios:216:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/__locale:15:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/string:470:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/string_view:171:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/__string:56:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/algorithm:640:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/memory:629:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/typeinfo:61:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/exception:82:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/cstdlib:86:
In file included from /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/include/c++/v1/stdlib.h:94:
In file included from /usr/include/stdlib.h:65:
In file included from /usr/include/sys/wait.h:110:
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:197:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_user_time;
        ^
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:198:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_system_time;
        ^
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:199:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_pkg_idle_wkups;
        ^
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:200:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_interrupt_wkups;
        ^
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:201:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_pageins;
        ^
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:202:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_wired_size;
        ^
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:203:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_resident_size;
        ^
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:204:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_phys_footprint;
        ^
/usr/include/sys/resource.h:205:2: error: unknown type name 'uint64_t'
        uint64_t ri_proc_start_abstime;
        ^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
20 errors generated.

我尝试了以下方法:

• 使用 Xcode-select --reset
重置 CLT
• 重新安装 CLT
• 重新安装 Xcode

这些解决方案都不起作用，这开始让我发疯。有人有同样的问题并找到了解决方案吗？

编辑:Xcode C++ 项目正在成功编译，但仍然不明白为什么它不会在终端中。

Answer 1

在转移到 macOS High Sierra 后，我遇到了完全相同的问题(尽管错误并不相同，但相似)。

我通过将 /usr/local/include 重命名为 /usr/local/include_old 找到了解决方法(好吧，名称并不重要，只是 g++/clang 将不再在此文件夹中搜索标题)。