python - 导入错误: cannot import name 'BeautifulSoup'

Question

为什么我收到ImportError:无法导入名称“BeautifulSoup”

  line 1, in <module>
        from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
    ImportError: cannot import name 'BeautifulSoup'

安装了吗？

pip install --upgrade --force-reinstall beautifulsoup4
Collecting beautifulsoup4
  Using cached beautifulsoup4-4.6.0-py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: beautifulsoup4
  Found existing installation: beautifulsoup4 4.6.0
    Uninstalling beautifulsoup4-4.6.0:
      Successfully uninstalled beautifulsoup4-4.6.0
Successfully installed beautifulsoup4-4.6.0

看起来是这样。

Answer 1

不要将文件命名为bs4.py

---

Python 有一个将检查模块的位置列表，来自 documentation :

When a module named spam is imported, the interpreter first searches for a built-in module with that name. If not found, it then searches for a file named spam.py in a list of directories given by the variable sys.path. sys.path is initialized from these locations:

• the directory containing the input script (or the current directory).
• PYTHONPATH (a list of directory names, with the same syntax as the shell variable PATH).
• the installation-dependent default.

就您而言，它在执行它的同一目录中找到了一个名为 bs4.py 的文件，并且由于它与您尝试导入的内容匹配 - Python 停止搜索其余部分目录。

由于您自己的 bs4.py 不包含对象 BeautifulSoup，因此您会收到导入错误。

通过仔细命名文件可以避免这种名称冲突；它在某些情况下确实很有用(例如，当您尝试模拟或覆盖某些模块时)；但这里的情况并非如此。